- Author:
- pmr2.import <nobody@models.cellml.org>
- Date:
- 2006-07-09 07:32:54+12:00
- Desc:
- committing version01 of priebe_beuckelmann_1998
- Permanent Source URI:
- https://models.physiomeproject.org/workspace/priebe_beuckelmann_1998/rawfile/0b809e8b234e044c08d5487407baa72c23a67b0e/priebe_beuckelmann_1998.cellml
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!-- FILE : priebe_model_1998.xml
CREATED : 17th January 2003
LAST MODIFIED : 12th August 2003
AUTHOR : Catherine Lloyd
The Bioengineering Institute
The University of Auckland
MODEL STATUS : This model conforms to the CellML 1.0 Specification released on
10th August 2001, and the CellML Metadata 1.0 Specification released on 16th
January, 2002.
DESCRIPTION : This file contains a CellML description of Priebe and Beuckelmann's 1998 mathematical model of human ventricular myocytes.
CHANGES:
09/04/2003 - AAC - Added publication date information.
05/06/2003 - CML - Corrected alpha_j_calculation equation in
fast_sodium_current_j_gate component.
12/08/2003 - CML - Corrected equations.
--><model xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" xmlns:cmeta="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/1.0#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:bqs="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#" xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" cmeta:id="priebe_beuckelmann_1998_version01" name="priebe_beuckelmann_1998_version01">
<documentation xmlns="http://cellml.org/tmp-documentation">
<article>
<articleinfo>
<title>Electrophysiological Model of the Human Ventricular Myocyte</title>
<author>
<firstname>Catherine</firstname>
<surname>Lloyd</surname>
<affiliation>
<shortaffil>Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland</shortaffil>
</affiliation>
</author>
</articleinfo>
<section id="sec_status">
<title>Model Status</title>
<para>
This is the original unchecked version of the model imported from the previous
CellML model repository, 24-Jan-2006.
</para>
</section>
<sect1 id="sec_structure">
<title>Model Structure</title>
<para>
Patients with severe heart failure are at a high risk of sudden cardiac death. In most of these patients, sudden cardiac death is thought to be caused by ventricular tachyarrhythmias. The mechanisms underlying these fatal arrhythmias are not fully understood. However, it is thought that alterations of the electric properties of single myocytes during heart failure may favour the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias by inducing early or delayed afterdepolarisations (EADs or DADs). In human studies, it has been observed that the ventricular myocytes of heart failure patients display prolonged action potentials relative to those of control, healthy patients. In addition to changes in several ionic currents, during heart failure [Ca<superscript>2+</superscript>]<subscript>i</subscript> handling is also often altered, and activity of the Na<superscript>+</superscript>-Ca<superscript>2+</superscript> exchanger is enhanced.
</para>
<para>
It is hoped that mathematical models of the cellular action potential and its associated ionic currents may enhance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying cardiac arrhythmias. In turn, this better understanding may lead to the testing of potential therapies on the electrical excitability of the human ventricular myocardium. With this aim, in 1998 Priebe and Beuckelmann developed an electrophysiological model of a single human ventricular cell (see the figure below). This model was mainly based on the Luo-Rudy II model of a guinea-pig ventricular myocyte, (see the CellML version of the Luo-Rudy Ventricular Model II (dynamic), 1994 for the original model). However, five currents (<emphasis>I<subscript>Kr</subscript>
</emphasis>, <emphasis>I<subscript>Ks</subscript>
</emphasis>, <emphasis>I<subscript>Ca</subscript>
</emphasis>, <emphasis>I<subscript>to</subscript>
</emphasis> and <emphasis>I<subscript>K1</subscript>
</emphasis>) were based on experimental data obtained from human myocytes. The remaining currents taken from the LR II model were also scaled to fit human cell data. Priebe and Beuckelmann used their model of the human ventricular action potential to compare the electrophysiological properties of healthy and failing ventricular myocytes. The results from model simulations suggest that:
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>The action potential of in ventricular myocytes from failing hearts is longer than than in non-failing hearts;</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>The mechanisms underlying this prolongation in failing myocytes are enhanced activity of the Na<superscript>+</superscript>-Ca<superscript>2+</superscript> exchanger, reduced inward rectifying K<superscript>+</superscript> current, and reduced activity of the Na<superscript>+</superscript>-K<superscript>+</superscript> pump;</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>The fast and slow components of the delayed rectifier K<superscript>+</superscript> current (<emphasis>I<subscript>Kr</subscript>
</emphasis> and <emphasis>I<subscript>Ks</subscript>
</emphasis>) play essential roles in determining the repolarisation of the action potential. Inhibition of <emphasis>I<subscript>Kr</subscript>
</emphasis> induces early afterdepolarisations in failing myocytes; and</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Spontaneous Ca<superscript>2+</superscript> release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum induces a premature action potential in failing myocytes.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</para>
<para>
The complete original paper reference is cited below:
</para>
<para>
<ulink url="http://circres.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/82/11/1206">Simulation Study of Cellular Electric Properties in Heart Failure</ulink>, Leo Priebe and Dirk J. Beuckelmann, 1998, <ulink url="http://circres.ahajournals.org/">
<emphasis>Circulation Research</emphasis>
</ulink>, 82, 1206-1223. (<ulink url="http://circres.ahajournals.org/cgi/reprint/82/11/1206.pdf">PDF</ulink> and <ulink url="http://circres.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/82/11/1206">full text</ulink> versions of the article are available to subscribers on the journal website.) <ulink url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9633920&dopt=Abstract">PubMed ID: 9633920</ulink>
</para>
<informalfigure float="0" id="fig_cell_diagram">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<objectinfo>
<title>diagram of the model</title>
</objectinfo>
<imagedata fileref="priebe_beuckelmann_1998.png"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
<caption>A schematic diagram describing the transmembrane ionic currents through channels, pumps and exchangers, that are captured in the Priebe and Beuckelmann 1998 model of a human ventricular myocyte. The intracellular compartment in the diagram represents the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). This is divided into the two subcompartments, the network SR (NSR) and the junctional SR (JSR). Ca<superscript>2+</superscript> buffers are present in both the cytoplasm and the JSR - troponin (TRPN), Calmodulin (CMDN), and calsequestrin (CSQN).</caption>
</informalfigure>
</sect1>
</article>
</documentation>
<!--
Below, we define some additional units for association with variables and
constants within the model.
-->
<units name="millisecond">
<unit units="second" prefix="milli"/>
</units>
<units name="per_millisecond">
<unit units="second" prefix="milli" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="millivolt">
<unit units="volt" prefix="milli"/>
</units>
<units name="per_millivolt">
<unit units="volt" prefix="milli" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="per_millivolt_millisecond">
<unit units="millivolt" exponent="-1"/>
<unit units="millisecond" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="milliS_per_microF">
<unit units="siemens" prefix="milli"/>
<unit units="farad" prefix="milli" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="picoF">
<unit units="farad" prefix="pico"/>
</units>
<units name="picoA_per_picoF">
<unit units="ampere" prefix="pico"/>
<unit units="farad" prefix="pico" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="millimolar_per_millisecond">
<unit units="mole" prefix="milli"/>
<unit units="litre" exponent="-1"/>
<unit units="millisecond" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="millimolar">
<unit units="mole" prefix="milli"/>
<unit units="litre" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="nanomolar">
<unit units="mole" prefix="nano"/>
<unit units="litre" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="micromolar">
<unit units="mole" prefix="micro"/>
<unit units="litre" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin">
<unit units="joule"/>
<unit units="mole" prefix="kilo" exponent="-1"/>
<unit units="kelvin" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="coulomb_per_mole">
<unit units="coulomb"/>
<unit units="mole" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="mm2">
<unit units="metre" prefix="milli" exponent="2"/>
</units>
<units name="micro_litre">
<unit units="litre" prefix="micro"/>
</units>
<component name="environment">
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="out" name="time"/>
</component>
<component name="membrane">
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="V" initial_value="-84.624"/>
<variable units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="out" name="R" initial_value="8314.0"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="out" name="T" initial_value="310.0"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="out" name="F" initial_value="96500.0"/>
<variable units="picoF" name="Cm" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" name="I_st" initial_value="-100.0"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_Na"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_to"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_Kr"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_Ks"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_K1"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_NaCa"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_NaK"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_b_Na"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_b_Ca"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="membrane_voltage_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> Cm </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_Na </ci>
<ci> i_Ca </ci>
<ci> i_to </ci>
<ci> i_Kr </ci>
<ci> i_Ks </ci>
<ci> i_K1 </ci>
<ci> i_NaCa </ci>
<ci> i_NaK </ci>
<ci> i_b_Na </ci>
<ci> i_b_Ca </ci>
<ci> I_st </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="fast_sodium_current">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_Na"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="E_Na"/>
<variable units="milliS_per_microF" name="g_Na" initial_value="16.0"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<variable units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nai"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nao"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="m"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="h"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="j"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_Na_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Na </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_Na </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> m </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> h </ci>
<ci> j </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="E_Na_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> E_Na </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Nao </ci>
<ci> Nai </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="fast_sodium_current_m_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="m"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="alpha_m"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="beta_m"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="alpha_m_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_m </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt_millisecond"> 0.32 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 47.13 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt"> -0.1 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 47.13 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="beta_m_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_m </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 0.08 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 11.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="dm_dt">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> m </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_m </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> m </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_m </ci>
<ci> m </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="fast_sodium_current_h_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="h"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="alpha_h"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="beta_h"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="alpha_h_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_h </ci>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 0.135 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 80.0 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> -6.8 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<lt/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> -40.0 </cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 0.0 </cn>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
<apply id="beta_h_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_h </ci>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 3.56 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 0.079 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 31.0E5 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt"> 0.35 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<lt/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> -40.0 </cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="millisecond"> 0.13 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 10.66 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 11.1 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
<apply id="dh_dt">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> h </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_h </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> h </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_h </ci>
<ci> h </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="fast_sodium_current_j_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="j"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="alpha_j"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="beta_j"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="alpha_j_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_j </ci>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt_millisecond"> -127140.0
</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt"> 0.2444 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt_millisecond"> 0.00003474 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt"> -0.04391 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 37.78 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt"> 0.311 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 79.23 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<lt/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> -40.0 </cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 0.0 </cn>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
<apply id="beta_j_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_j </ci>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 0.1212 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt"> -0.01052 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt"> -0.1378 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 40.14 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<lt/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> -40.0 </cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 0.3 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt"> -0.0000002535 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt"> -0.1 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 32.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
<apply id="dj_dt">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> j </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_j </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> j </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_j </ci>
<ci> j </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="slow_calcium_current">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_Ca"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="E_Ca"/>
<variable units="milliS_per_microF" name="g_Ca_max" initial_value="0.064"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="Cai"/>
<variable units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Cao"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="d"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="f"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="f_Ca"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_Ca_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Ca </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_Ca_max </ci>
<ci> d </ci>
<ci> f </ci>
<ci> f_Ca </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_Ca </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="E_Ca_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> E_Ca </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Cao </ci>
<ci> Cai </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="slow_calcium_current_d_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="d"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="alpha_d"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="beta_d"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="alpha_d_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_d </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 14.98 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 16.68 </cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<apply>
<pi/>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.5 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 22.36 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 16.68 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="beta_d_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_d </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 0.1471 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 5.3 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 14.93 </cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<apply>
<pi/>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.5 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 6.27 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 14.93 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="dd_dt">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> d </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_d </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_d </ci>
<ci> d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="slow_calcium_current_f_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="f"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="alpha_f"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="beta_f"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="alpha_f_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_f </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 6.87E-3 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 6.1546 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> -6.12 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="beta_f_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_f </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 0.069 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -0.11 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 9.825 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 0.011 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -0.278 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 9.825 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 5.75E-4 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="df_dt">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> f </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_f </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> f </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_f </ci>
<ci> f </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="slow_calcium_current_f_Ca_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="f_Ca"/>
<variable units="nanomolar" name="Km_Ca" initial_value="600.0"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="Cai"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="f_Ca_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> f_Ca </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Cai </ci>
<ci> Km_Ca </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="transient_outward_current">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_to"/>
<variable units="milliS_per_microF" name="g_to_max" initial_value="0.3"/>
<variable units="millivolt" name="E_to"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nai"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nao"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ki"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ko"/>
<variable units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="t"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="r"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_to_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_to </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_to_max </ci>
<ci> r </ci>
<ci> t </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_to </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="E_to_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> E_to </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.043 </cn>
<ci> Nao </ci>
</apply>
<ci> Ko </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.043 </cn>
<ci> Nai </ci>
</apply>
<ci> Ki </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="transient_outward_current_r_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="r"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="alpha_r"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="beta_r"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="dr_dt">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> r </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_r </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> r </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_r </ci>
<ci> r </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="alpha_r_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_r </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 0.5266 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.0166 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 42.2912 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.0943 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 42.2912 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="beta_r_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_r </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt_millisecond"> 5.186E-5 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.5149 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.1344 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 5.0027 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.1348 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 5.186E-5 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="transient_outward_current_t_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="t"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="alpha_t"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="beta_t"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="t_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> t </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_t </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> t </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_t </ci>
<ci> t </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="alpha_t_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_t </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt_millisecond"> 5.612E-5 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.0721 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -0.173 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 34.2531 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -0.1732 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 34.2531 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="beta_t_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_t </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt_millisecond"> 1.215E-5 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.0767 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -1.66E-9 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 34.0235 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.1604 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 34.0235 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_Ks"/>
<variable units="milliS_per_microF" name="g_Ks_max" initial_value="0.02"/>
<variable units="millivolt" name="E_Ks"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ki"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ko"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nai"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nao"/>
<variable units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="Xs"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_Ks_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Ks </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_Ks_max </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Xs </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_Ks </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="E_Ks_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> E_Ks </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.01833 </cn>
<ci> Nao </ci>
</apply>
<ci> Ko </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.01833 </cn>
<ci> Nai </ci>
</apply>
<ci> Ki </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_Xs_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="Xs"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="alpha_Xs"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="beta_Xs"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="Xs_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Xs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_Xs </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> Xs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_Xs </ci>
<ci> Xs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="alpha_Xs_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_Xs </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 3.0E-3 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 7.44 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 10.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 14.32 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="beta_Xs_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_Xs </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 5.87E-3 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> -5.95 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 10.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> -15.82 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="rapidly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_Kr"/>
<variable units="milliS_per_microF" name="g_Kr_max" initial_value="0.02"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="rik"/>
<variable units="millivolt" name="E_K"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ki"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ko"/>
<variable units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="Xr"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_Kr_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Kr </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_Kr_max </ci>
<ci> Xr </ci>
<ci> rik </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_K </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="E_K_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> E_K </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ko </ci>
<ci> Ki </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="rik_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> rik </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 26.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 23.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="rapidly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_Xr_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="Xr"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="alpha_Xr"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="beta_Xr"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="Xr_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Xr </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_Xr </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> Xr </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_Xr </ci>
<ci> Xr </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="alpha_Xr_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_Xr </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 0.005 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 5.266E-4 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 4.067 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -0.1262 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 4.067 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="beta_Xr_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_Xr </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 0.016 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.6E-3 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 65.66 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.0783 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 65.66 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="inward_rectifier_potassium_current">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_K1"/> <variable units="millivolt" private_interface="out" name="E_K1"/>
<variable units="milliS_per_microF" name="g_K1_max" initial_value="2.5"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ki"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ko"/>
<variable units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="K1_infinity"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_K1_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_K1 </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_K1_max </ci>
<ci> K1_infinity </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_K1 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="E_K1_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> E_K1 </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ko </ci>
<ci> Ki </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="inward_rectifier_potassium_current_K1_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="K1_infinity"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="alpha_K1"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="beta_K1"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_K1"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="K1_infinity_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> K1_infinity </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> alpha_K1 </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> alpha_K1 </ci>
<ci> beta_K1 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="alpha_K1_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_K1 </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 0.1 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.06 </cn>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> E_K1 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 200.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="beta_K1_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_K1 </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0E-4 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 100.0 </cn>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> E_K1 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.1 </cn>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 10.0 </cn>
<ci> E_K1 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.5 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_K1 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="calcium_background_current">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_b_Ca"/>
<variable units="milliS_per_microF" name="g_b_Ca_max" initial_value="0.00085"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_Ca"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_b_Ca_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_b_Ca </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_b_Ca_max </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_Ca </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="sodium_background_current">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_b_Na"/>
<variable units="milliS_per_microF" name="g_b_Na_max" initial_value="0.001"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_Na"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_b_Na_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_b_Na </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_b_Na_max </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="sodium_potassium_pump">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_NaK"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" name="I_NaK" initial_value="1.3"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="f_NaK"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_mNai" initial_value="10.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_mKo" initial_value="1.5"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="sigma"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nai"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nao"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ko"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="f_NaK_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> f_NaK </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.1245 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -0.1 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.0365 </cn>
<ci> sigma </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="sigma_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> sigma </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 7.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Nao </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millimolar"> 67.3 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="i_NaK_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_NaK </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> I_NaK </ci>
<ci> f_NaK </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> K_mNai </ci>
<ci> Nai </ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.5 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ko </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Ko </ci>
<ci> K_mKo </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="Na_Ca_exchanger">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_NaCa"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" name="K_NaCa" initial_value="1000.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_mNa" initial_value="82.5"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_mCa" initial_value="1.38"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="K_sat" initial_value="0.1"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="eta" initial_value="0.35"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nai"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nao"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="Cai"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Cao"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="Na_Ca_exchanger">
<eq/>
<ci> i_NaCa </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K_NaCa </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> K_mNa </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Nao </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> K_mCa </ci>
<ci> Cao </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K_sat </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> eta </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> V </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> F </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> eta </ci>
<ci> V </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> F </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Nai </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> Cao </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> eta </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> V </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> F </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Nao </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> Cai </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="CICR_of_JSR">
<variable units="millimolar_per_millisecond" public_interface="out" name="i_rel"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="G_rel" initial_value="3.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="G_rel_max" initial_value="-22.0"/>
<variable units="micromolar" name="K_mrel" initial_value="0.8"/>
<variable units="millisecond" name="tau_on" initial_value="4.0"/>
<variable units="millisecond" name="tau_off" initial_value="4.0"/>
<variable units="micromolar" name="delta_Ca_i2"/>
<variable units="micromolar" name="delta_Ca_ith" initial_value="0.005"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="calcium_overload"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="Cai"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_JSR"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_rel_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_rel </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> G_rel </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> Ca_JSR </ci>
<ci> Cai </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="G_rel_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> G_rel </ci>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> G_rel_max </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> delta_Ca_i2 </ci>
<ci> delta_Ca_ith </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> K_mrel </ci>
<ci> delta_Ca_i2 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> delta_Ca_ith </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> time </ci>
<ci> tau_on </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> time </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_off </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci> calcium_overload </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.0 </cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> G_rel_max </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> Ca_JSR </ci>
<ci> Cai </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> time </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_on </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> time </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_off </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="Ca_uptake_of_NSR">
<variable units="millimolar_per_millisecond" public_interface="out" name="i_up"/>
<variable units="millimolar_per_millisecond" name="I_up" initial_value="0.0045"/>
<variable units="micromolar" name="K_mup" initial_value="0.92"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="Cai"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_up_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_up </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> I_up </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Cai </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Cai </ci>
<ci> K_mup </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="Ca_leakage_of_NSR">
<variable units="millimolar_per_millisecond" public_interface="out" name="i_leak"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="K_leak" initial_value="0.00026"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_NSR"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_leak_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_leak </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K_leak </ci>
<ci> Ca_NSR </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="translocation_of_Ca_from_NSR_to_JSR">
<variable units="millimolar_per_millisecond" public_interface="out" name="i_tr"/>
<variable units="millisecond" name="tau_tr" initial_value="180.0"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_JSR"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_NSR"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_tr_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_tr </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> Ca_NSR </ci>
<ci> Ca_JSR </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_tr </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="calcium_buffers_in_the_myoplasm">
<variable units="micromolar" name="K_mTn" initial_value="0.5"/>
<variable units="micromolar" name="K_mCMDN" initial_value="2.38"/>
<variable units="micromolar" name="Tn_max" initial_value="70.0"/>
<variable units="micromolar" name="CMDN_max" initial_value="50.0"/>
<variable units="micromolar" name="Tn_buff"/>
<variable units="micromolar" name="CMDN_buff"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="Cai"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="Tn_buff_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> Tn_buff </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Tn_max </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Cai </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Cai </ci>
<ci> K_mTn </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="CMDN_buff_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> CMDN_buff </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> CMDN_max </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Cai </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Cai </ci>
<ci> K_mCMDN </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="calcium_buffers_in_the_JSR">
<variable units="millimolar" name="CSQN_buff"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="CSQN_max" initial_value="10.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_mCSQN" initial_value="0.8"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_JSR"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="CSQN_buff_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> CSQN_buff </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> CSQN_max </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ca_JSR </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Ca_JSR </ci>
<ci> K_mCSQN </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="ionic_concentrations">
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Nai" initial_value="10.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Nao" initial_value="140.0"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="out" name="Cai" initial_value="0.12"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Cao" initial_value="1.8"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ki" initial_value="145.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ko" initial_value="5.4"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ca_JSR"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ca_NSR" initial_value="15.0"/>
<variable units="micromolar" name="Ca_foot"/>
<variable units="mm2" name="A_cap" initial_value="0.000153"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="R_A_V"/>
<variable units="micro_litre" name="V_myo"/>
<variable units="micro_litre" name="V_cleft"/>
<variable units="micro_litre" name="V_JSR"/>
<variable units="micro_litre" name="V_NSR"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_Na"/> <variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_b_Na"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_NaCa"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_NaK"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_b_Ca"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_Kr"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_K1"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_Ks"/> <variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_to"/>
<variable units="millimolar_per_millisecond" public_interface="in" name="i_tr"/>
<variable units="millimolar_per_millisecond" public_interface="in" name="i_rel"/>
<variable units="millimolar_per_millisecond" public_interface="in" name="i_leak"/>
<variable units="millimolar_per_millisecond" public_interface="in" name="i_up"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="sodium_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Nai </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_Na </ci>
<ci> i_b_Na </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_NaCa </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_NaK </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> A_cap </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V_myo </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="calcium_internal_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Cai </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_Ca </ci>
<ci> i_b_Ca </ci>
</apply>
<ci> i_NaCa </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> A_cap </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> V_myo </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_rel </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> V_JSR </ci>
<ci> V_myo </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> i_leak </ci>
<ci> i_up </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> V_NSR </ci>
<ci> V_myo </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="potassium_internal_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Ki </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_to </ci>
<ci> i_Kr </ci>
<ci> i_K1 </ci>
<ci> i_Ks </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_NaK </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> A_cap </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V_myo </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="potassium_external_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Ko </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_to </ci>
<ci> i_Kr </ci>
<ci> i_K1 </ci>
<ci> i_Ks </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_NaK </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> A_cap </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V_cleft </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="calcium_JSR_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Ca_JSR </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> i_rel </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_tr </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> V_NSR </ci>
<ci> V_JSR </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="calcium_NSR_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Ca_NSR </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_leak </ci>
<ci> i_tr </ci>
</apply>
<ci> i_up </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="calcium_foot_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Ca_foot </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> i_Ca </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> A_cap </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> V_myo </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> R_A_V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<group>
<relationship_ref relationship="containment"/>
<component_ref component="membrane">
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current">
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_m_gate"/>
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_h_gate"/>
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_j_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="slow_calcium_current">
<component_ref component="slow_calcium_current_d_gate"/>
<component_ref component="slow_calcium_current_f_gate"/>
<component_ref component="slow_calcium_current_f_Ca_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="transient_outward_current">
<component_ref component="transient_outward_current_r_gate"/>
<component_ref component="transient_outward_current_t_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
<component_ref component="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_Xs_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="rapidly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
<component_ref component="rapidly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_Xr_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="inward_rectifier_potassium_current">
<component_ref component="inward_rectifier_potassium_current_K1_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="sodium_background_current"/>
<component_ref component="calcium_background_current"/>
<component_ref component="Na_Ca_exchanger"/>
<component_ref component="sodium_potassium_pump"/>
<component_ref component="CICR_of_JSR"/>
<component_ref component="Ca_uptake_of_NSR"/>
<component_ref component="Ca_leakage_of_NSR"/>
<component_ref component="translocation_of_Ca_from_NSR_to_JSR"/>
<component_ref component="calcium_buffers_in_the_myoplasm"/>
<component_ref component="calcium_buffers_in_the_JSR"/>
<component_ref component="ionic_concentrations"/>
</component_ref>
</group>
<group>
<relationship_ref relationship="encapsulation"/>
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current">
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_m_gate"/>
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_h_gate"/>
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_j_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="slow_calcium_current">
<component_ref component="slow_calcium_current_d_gate"/>
<component_ref component="slow_calcium_current_f_gate"/>
<component_ref component="slow_calcium_current_f_Ca_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="transient_outward_current">
<component_ref component="transient_outward_current_r_gate"/>
<component_ref component="transient_outward_current_t_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
<component_ref component="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_Xs_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="rapidly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
<component_ref component="rapidly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_Xr_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="inward_rectifier_potassium_current">
<component_ref component="inward_rectifier_potassium_current_K1_gate"/>
</component_ref>
</group>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="slow_calcium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="transient_outward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="rapidly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="inward_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="sodium_background_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="calcium_background_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="Na_Ca_exchanger"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="sodium_potassium_pump"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="CICR_of_JSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="Ca_uptake_of_NSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="Ca_leakage_of_NSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="translocation_of_Ca_from_NSR_to_JSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="calcium_buffers_in_the_myoplasm"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="calcium_buffers_in_the_JSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="ionic_concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="fast_sodium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Na" variable_1="i_Na"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="slow_calcium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ca" variable_1="i_Ca"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="transient_outward_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_to" variable_1="i_to"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ks" variable_1="i_Ks"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="rapidly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Kr" variable_1="i_Kr"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="inward_rectifier_potassium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_K1" variable_1="i_K1"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="sodium_background_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_b_Na" variable_1="i_b_Na"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="calcium_background_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_b_Ca" variable_1="i_b_Ca"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="Na_Ca_exchanger" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_NaCa" variable_1="i_NaCa"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="sodium_potassium_pump" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_NaK" variable_1="i_NaK"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Na" variable_1="i_Na"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Nao" variable_1="Nao"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Nai" variable_1="Nai"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="sodium_background_current" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_Na" variable_1="E_Na"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="slow_calcium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Cai" variable_1="Cai"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Cao" variable_1="Cao"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ca" variable_1="i_Ca"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="calcium_background_current" component_1="slow_calcium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_Ca" variable_1="E_Ca"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="transient_outward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Nao" variable_1="Nao"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Nai" variable_1="Nai"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ko" variable_1="Ko"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ki" variable_1="Ki"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_to" variable_1="i_to"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Nao" variable_1="Nao"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Nai" variable_1="Nai"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ki" variable_1="Ki"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ko" variable_1="Ko"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ks" variable_1="i_Ks"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="rapidly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ki" variable_1="Ki"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ko" variable_1="Ko"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Kr" variable_1="i_Kr"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="inward_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ki" variable_1="Ki"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ko" variable_1="Ko"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_K1" variable_1="i_K1"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="Na_Ca_exchanger"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Cai" variable_1="Cai"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Nai" variable_1="Nai"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Cao" variable_1="Cao"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Nao" variable_1="Nao"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_NaCa" variable_1="i_NaCa"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="sodium_background_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_b_Na" variable_1="i_b_Na"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="calcium_background_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_b_Ca" variable_1="i_b_Ca"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="sodium_potassium_pump"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Nai" variable_1="Nai"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Nao" variable_1="Nao"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ko" variable_1="Ko"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_NaK" variable_1="i_NaK"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="CICR_of_JSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_rel" variable_1="i_rel"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Cai" variable_1="Cai"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_JSR" variable_1="Ca_JSR"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="Ca_uptake_of_NSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_up" variable_1="i_up"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Cai" variable_1="Cai"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="Ca_leakage_of_NSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_leak" variable_1="i_leak"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_NSR" variable_1="Ca_NSR"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="translocation_of_Ca_from_NSR_to_JSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_tr" variable_1="i_tr"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_NSR" variable_1="Ca_NSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_JSR" variable_1="Ca_JSR"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="calcium_buffers_in_the_myoplasm"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Cai" variable_1="Cai"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="calcium_buffers_in_the_JSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_JSR" variable_1="Ca_JSR"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="fast_sodium_current_m_gate" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="m" variable_1="m"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="fast_sodium_current_h_gate" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="h" variable_1="h"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="fast_sodium_current_j_gate" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="j" variable_1="j"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="slow_calcium_current_d_gate" component_1="slow_calcium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="d" variable_1="d"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="slow_calcium_current_f_gate" component_1="slow_calcium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="f" variable_1="f"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="slow_calcium_current_f_Ca_gate" component_1="slow_calcium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="f_Ca" variable_1="f_Ca"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Cai" variable_1="Cai"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="transient_outward_current_t_gate" component_1="transient_outward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t" variable_1="t"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="transient_outward_current_r_gate" component_1="transient_outward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="r" variable_1="r"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_Xs_gate" component_1="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Xs" variable_1="Xs"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="rapidly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_Xr_gate" component_1="rapidly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Xr" variable_1="Xr"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="inward_rectifier_potassium_current_K1_gate" component_1="inward_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="K1_infinity" variable_1="K1_infinity"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_K1" variable_1="E_K1"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<rdf:RDF>
<rdf:Bag rdf:about="rdf:#f85d265f-588a-4733-bb0a-f1bf555ebe59">
<rdf:li>Ventricular Myocyte</rdf:li>
<rdf:li>cardiac</rdf:li>
<rdf:li>electrophysiology</rdf:li>
</rdf:Bag>
<rdf:Seq rdf:about="rdf:#92248aac-477f-4e9c-b043-25dca3f81e25">
<rdf:li rdf:resource="rdf:#7402d2ac-e019-45cb-b0a3-06155788f361"/>
<rdf:li rdf:resource="rdf:#b080907c-d08d-4572-abc2-482e6b1044da"/>
</rdf:Seq>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#6721efa4-11e4-4717-b9fc-ee447f91617e">
<dcterms:W3CDTF>2003-06-05</dcterms:W3CDTF>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#92575eb6-fd42-4409-a366-589785ed51eb">
<vCard:Given>Catherine</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Lloyd</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other>May</vCard:Other>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#b5f23cc0-6827-4476-a140-b63e43a43ff7">
<vCard:Given>Catherine</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Lloyd</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other>May</vCard:Other>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#f826c377-c0d6-4151-9da8-4b39da9e9d28">
<bqs:subject_type>keyword</bqs:subject_type>
<rdf:value rdf:resource="rdf:#f85d265f-588a-4733-bb0a-f1bf555ebe59"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#dabd9b65-fc36-4d08-b7f5-64ec4bf845c0">
<dcterms:W3CDTF>2003-08-12</dcterms:W3CDTF>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#63555f79-4b6b-4fc6-aea6-3de04816f95b">
<dcterms:W3CDTF>2003-01-17</dcterms:W3CDTF>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#1d960a46-2bfb-4862-a0ff-8bac6b85c3d5">
<vCard:Orgname>The University of Auckland</vCard:Orgname>
<vCard:Orgunit>The Bioengineering Institute</vCard:Orgunit>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#7e3f5d19-db2f-4467-89ac-8fc1d64e34e8">
<vCard:Given>Dirk</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Beuckelmann</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other>J</vCard:Other>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#9a3c06fb-3dba-481c-a382-008b982cf51c">
<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#2da5df51-f148-45c5-9e06-59b2fc245034"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#priebe_beuckelmann_1998_version01">
<dc:title>
Priebe and Beuckelmann's 1998 mathematical model of human ventricular
myocytes.
</dc:title>
<cmeta:bio_entity>Ventricular Myocyte</cmeta:bio_entity>
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#69ad4e62-1543-4eb3-a153-ad9ec5c0e065"/>
<bqs:reference rdf:resource="rdf:#07f10b7d-d2dc-4b9b-8acb-0d96ce6dc440"/>
<bqs:reference rdf:resource="rdf:#8de3840f-154b-49d0-9ce9-e164bb0d1ced"/>
<cmeta:species>Homo sapiens</cmeta:species>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#b80de1e8-b89e-48a6-a008-b3e147ca03d6">
<vCard:ORG rdf:resource="rdf:#1d960a46-2bfb-4862-a0ff-8bac6b85c3d5"/>
<vCard:EMAIL rdf:resource="rdf:#7e4a4d71-a9fa-44cc-a648-06113843e40f"/>
<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#b5f23cc0-6827-4476-a140-b63e43a43ff7"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="">
<dc:publisher>
The University of Auckland, The Bioengineering Institute
</dc:publisher>
<cmeta:modification rdf:resource="rdf:#4f632026-bb35-4a09-a122-660ff62d2fff"/>
<cmeta:modification rdf:resource="rdf:#548b8a33-4fa2-40ab-8088-48de547d2ff8"/>
<dcterms:created rdf:resource="rdf:#63555f79-4b6b-4fc6-aea6-3de04816f95b"/>
<dc:creator rdf:resource="rdf:#b80de1e8-b89e-48a6-a008-b3e147ca03d6"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#b080907c-d08d-4572-abc2-482e6b1044da">
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#Person"/>
<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#7e3f5d19-db2f-4467-89ac-8fc1d64e34e8"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#548b8a33-4fa2-40ab-8088-48de547d2ff8">
<dcterms:modified rdf:resource="rdf:#dabd9b65-fc36-4d08-b7f5-64ec4bf845c0"/>
<rdf:value>
Corrected equations: alpha_h_calculation equation in fast_sodium_current_h_gate component.
</rdf:value>
<cmeta:modifier rdf:resource="rdf:#9f8dfd25-1855-4b33-a28c-f44c4a8e61e4"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#7402d2ac-e019-45cb-b0a3-06155788f361">
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#Person"/>
<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#a47109f1-9d3d-480f-9356-d1bb7ab9a3b0"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#07f10b7d-d2dc-4b9b-8acb-0d96ce6dc440">
<dc:subject rdf:resource="rdf:#f826c377-c0d6-4151-9da8-4b39da9e9d28"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#2da5df51-f148-45c5-9e06-59b2fc245034">
<vCard:Given>Catherine</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Lloyd</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other>May</vCard:Other>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#0787eb48-2845-4a9d-8bb3-6840fba0ba05">
<dcterms:W3CDTF>1998-06-15</dcterms:W3CDTF>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#8de3840f-154b-49d0-9ce9-e164bb0d1ced">
<bqs:Pubmed_id>9633920</bqs:Pubmed_id>
<bqs:JournalArticle rdf:resource="rdf:#7dd3b1c2-287a-45d8-b226-4633fb031dcd"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#bce5206c-af22-4743-8907-7fb93a4a0862">
<dc:title>Circulation Research</dc:title>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#4f632026-bb35-4a09-a122-660ff62d2fff">
<dcterms:modified rdf:resource="rdf:#6721efa4-11e4-4717-b9fc-ee447f91617e"/>
<rdf:value>
Corrected alpha_j_calculation equation in fast_sodium_current_j_gate
component.
</rdf:value>
<cmeta:modifier rdf:resource="rdf:#9a3c06fb-3dba-481c-a382-008b982cf51c"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#a47109f1-9d3d-480f-9356-d1bb7ab9a3b0">
<vCard:Given>Leo</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Priebe</vCard:Family>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#7e4a4d71-a9fa-44cc-a648-06113843e40f">
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://imc.org/vCard/3.0#internet"/>
<rdf:value>c.lloyd@auckland.ac.nz</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#7dd3b1c2-287a-45d8-b226-4633fb031dcd">
<dc:creator rdf:resource="rdf:#92248aac-477f-4e9c-b043-25dca3f81e25"/>
<dc:title>
Simulation Study of Cellular Electrical Properties in Heart Failure
</dc:title>
<bqs:volume>82</bqs:volume>
<bqs:first_page>1206</bqs:first_page>
<bqs:Journal rdf:resource="rdf:#bce5206c-af22-4743-8907-7fb93a4a0862"/>
<dcterms:issued rdf:resource="rdf:#0787eb48-2845-4a9d-8bb3-6840fba0ba05"/>
<bqs:last_page>1223</bqs:last_page>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#9f8dfd25-1855-4b33-a28c-f44c4a8e61e4">
<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#92575eb6-fd42-4409-a366-589785ed51eb"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#69ad4e62-1543-4eb3-a153-ad9ec5c0e065">
<dc:creator rdf:resource="rdf:#211f129f-99ab-4b8f-9b56-5c42d3c5d0b1"/>
<rdf:value>
This is the CellML description of Priebe and Beuckelmann's 1998
mathematical model of human ventricular myocytes.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#211f129f-99ab-4b8f-9b56-5c42d3c5d0b1">
<vCard:FN>Catherine Lloyd</vCard:FN>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
</model>
