- Author:
- Hanne <Hanne@hanne-nielsens-macbook.local>
- Date:
- 2009-12-09 13:01:29+13:00
- Desc:
- Addedi mages in ai and svg fomrat, removed non pub med references
- Permanent Source URI:
- https://models.physiomeproject.org/workspace/margaridamartins_mendes_coreiro_pocesfreire_2001/rawfile/d41c66f5247efb5ea92b0da61ddef04945f650ee/margaridamartins_mendes_coreiro_pocesfreire_2001.cellml
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!-- FILE : glyoxalase_pathway_2001_version02.xml
CREATED : 31st May 2007
LAST MODIFIED : 31st May 2007
AUTHOR : Catherine Lloyd
The Bioengineering Institute
The University of Auckland
MODEL STATUS : This model conforms to the CellML 1.1 Specification.
DESCRIPTION : This file contains a CellML description of the glyoxalase pathway
model from Martins, Mendes, Cordeiro and Freire.
CHANGES:
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<documentation xmlns="http://cellml.org/tmp-documentation">
<article>
<articleinfo>
<title>Glyoxalase Pathway Model from Martins et al 2001</title>
<author>
<firstname>Catherine</firstname>
<surname>Lloyd</surname>
<affiliation>
<shortaffil>Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland</shortaffil>
</affiliation>
</author>
</articleinfo>
<sect1 id="sec_structure">
<title>Model Structure</title>
<para>
In 2001, Margarida Martins <emphasis>et al</emphasis> published a paper which studied the kinetics of glyoxalase I and II <emphasis>in situ</emphasis> within <emphasis>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</emphasis> cells. The glyoxalase pathway is an enzymatic system which is widely distributed in living organisms (see <xref linkend="fig_pathway_diagram"/> below). One possible physiological function of the pathway may be the detoxification of the cytotoxin methylglyoxal, a by-product of metabolism. Another essential role of the glyoxalase pathway may be preventing the synthesis of advanced glycation end-products (AGE). These macromolecules are associated with diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease.
</para>
<para>
For the reasons stated above, Margarida Martins <emphasis>et al</emphasis> believe it is important to understand how the glyoxalase system works in the detoxification of methylglyoxal <emphasis>in vivo</emphasis>. They addressed this problem by studying the kinetics of both enzymes <emphasis>in situ</emphasis> using permeabilised yeast cells.
</para>
<para>
The complete original paper reference is cited below:
</para>
<para>
In situ kinetic analysis of glyoxalase I and glyoxalase II in <emphasis>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</emphasis>, Margarida Martins, A. <emphasis>et al</emphasis>, 2001, <emphasis>Eur. J. Biochem</emphasis>
, 268, 3930-3936. <ulink url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=11453985&dopt=Abstract">PubMed ID: 11453985</ulink>
</para>
<para>
The raw CellML description of the glyoxalase pathway model can be downloaded in various formats as described in <xref linkend="sec_download_this_model"/>. For an example of a more complete documentation of another real reaction pathway, see <ulink url="${HTML_EXMPL_BI_EGF_INTRO}">The Bhalla Iyengar EGF Pathway Model, 1999</ulink>.
</para>
<informalfigure float="0" id="fig_pathway_diagram">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<objectinfo>
<title>the conventional rendering of the glyoxalase pathway</title>
</objectinfo>
<imagedata fileref="margarida_2001a.png"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
<caption>A rendering of the glyoxalase pathway. Species are represented by rounded rectangles, and reactions by arrows. The action of a catalyst on a reaction is represented by dashed lines.</caption>
</informalfigure>
<para>
In CellML, models are thought of as connected networks of discrete components. These components may correspond to physiologically separated regions or chemically distinct objects, or may be useful modelling abstractions. This pathway model has ten components representing chemically distinct objects (seven chemical species and three reactions). The CellML rendering of the glyoxalase pathway model is shown in <xref linkend="fig_cellml_rendering"/> (the different shapes in the diagram are explained in the <ulink url="${HTML_EXMPL_GRAPHICAL_NOTATION}">notation guide</ulink>). The action of a catalyst on a reaction is again represented by dashed lines.
</para>
<informalfigure float="0" id="fig_cellml_rendering">
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<title>the cellml rendering of the glyoxalase pathway</title>
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</mediaobject>
<caption>The CellML rendering of the glyoxalase pathway. The action of a catalyst on a reaction is demonstrated by dashed lines.</caption>
</informalfigure>
</sect1>
</article>
</documentation>
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The model runs in the PCEnv simulator but gives a flat output.</rdf:value>
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In situ kinetic analysis of glyoxalase I and glyoxalase II
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