- Author:
- Hanne <Hanne@hanne-nielsens-macbook.local>
- Date:
- 2010-04-22 12:59:00+12:00
- Desc:
- Added session file, link between image and traces broken
- Permanent Source URI:
- https://models.physiomeproject.org/workspace/maltsev_2009/rawfile/58c60e091d993c607f97873e22412e46268c74d1/maltsev_2009_paper.cellml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!--
This CellML file was generated on 18/06/2009 at 17:01:37 using:
COR (0.9.31.1279)
Copyright 2002-2009 Dr Alan Garny
http://COR.physiol.ox.ac.uk/ - COR@physiol.ox.ac.uk
CellML 1.0 was used to generate this model
http://www.CellML.org/
--><model xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" xmlns:cmeta="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/1.0#" xml:base="" cmeta:id="maltsev_2009" name="maltsev_2009">
<documentation xmlns="http://cellml.org/tmp-documentation">
<article>
<articleinfo>
<title>Synergism of coupled subsarcolemmal Ca2+ clocks and sarcolemmal voltage clocks confers robust and flexible pacemaker function in a novel pacemaker cell model</title>
<author>
<firstname>Catherine</firstname>
<surname>Lloyd</surname>
<affiliation>
<shortaffil>Auckland Bioengineering Institute</shortaffil>
</affiliation>
</author>
</articleinfo>
<section id="sec_status">
<title>Model Status</title>
<para>
This CellML model has been tested in OpenCell and COR and the units are balanced. The model runs to recreate the published results. This particular variant of the model uses the initial conditions from the paper (and is not intended to be a steady state model).
</para>
</section>
<sect1 id="sec_structure">
<title>Model Structure</title>
<para>
ABSTRACT: Recent experimental studies have demonstrated that sinoatrial node cells (SANC) generate spontaneous, rhythmic, local subsarcolemmal Ca(2+) releases (Ca(2+) clock), which occur during late diastolic depolarization (DD) and interact with the classic sarcolemmal voltage oscillator (membrane clock) by activating Na(+)-Ca(2+) exchanger current (I(NCX)). This and other interactions between clocks, however, are not captured by existing essentially membrane-delimited cardiac pacemaker cell numerical models. Using wide-scale parametric analysis of classic formulations of membrane clock and Ca(2+) cycling, we have constructed and initially explored a prototype rabbit SANC model featuring both clocks. Our coupled oscillator system exhibits greater robustness and flexibility than membrane clock operating alone. Rhythmic spontaneous Ca(2+) releases of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)-based Ca(2+) clock ignite rhythmic action potentials via late DD I(NCX) over much broader ranges of membrane clock parameters [e.g., L-type Ca(2+) current (I(CaL)) and/or hyperpolarization-activated ("funny") current (I(f)) conductances]. The system Ca(2+) clock includes SR and sarcolemmal Ca(2+) fluxes, which optimize cell Ca(2+) balance to increase amplitudes of both SR Ca(2+) release and late DD I(NCX) as SR Ca(2+) pumping rate increases, resulting in a broad pacemaker rate modulation (1.8-4.6 Hz). In contrast, the rate modulation range via membrane clock parameters is substantially smaller when Ca(2+) clock is unchanged or lacking. When Ca(2+) clock is disabled, the system parametric space for fail-safe SANC operation considerably shrinks: without rhythmic late DD I(NCX) ignition signals membrane clock substantially slows, becomes dysrhythmic, or halts. In conclusion, the Ca(2+) clock is a new critical dimension in SANC function. A synergism of the coupled function of Ca(2+) and membrane clocks confers fail-safe SANC operation at greatly varying rates.
</para>
<para>
The complete original paper reference is cited below:
</para>
<para>
Synergism of coupled subsarcolemmal Ca2+ clocks and sarcolemmal voltage clocks confers robust and flexible pacemaker function in a novel pacemaker cell model, Victor A. Maltsev and Edward G. Lakatta, 2009, <emphasis>American Journal of Physiology</emphasis>, 286, H594-H615. <ulink url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=19136600&dopt=Abstract">PubMed ID: 19136600</ulink>
</para>
<informalfigure float="0" id="fig_cell_diagram">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<objectinfo>
<title>reaction diagram</title>
</objectinfo>
<imagedata fileref="maltsev_2009.png"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
<caption>Schematic diagram of the interacting Ca2+ clock and membrane clock in a model of rabbit sinoatrial node cells.</caption>
</informalfigure>
</sect1>
</article>
</documentation>
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<eq/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">0</cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<ci>Vm</ci>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>beta_dL</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millivolt_millisecond">0.01143</cn>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>bdVm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">5</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>bdVm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">5</cn>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">2.5</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>bdVm</ci>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">5.00001</cn>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">5</cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<ci>Vm</ci>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>dL</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>dL_infinity</ci>
<ci>dL</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_dL</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="i_CaL_fL_gate">
<variable initial_value="1" name="fL" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="fL_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="tau_fL" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="Vm" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>fL_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">35</cn>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">7.3</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tau_fL</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">44.3</cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">257.1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">32.5</cn>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">13.9</cn>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>fL</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>fL_infinity</ci>
<ci>fL</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_fL</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="i_CaL_fCa_gate">
<variable initial_value="1" name="fCa" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable initial_value="0.021" name="alpha_fCa" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="fCa_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="tau_fCa" units="millisecond"/>
<variable initial_value="0.00035" name="Km_fCa" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Vm" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="Ca_sub" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>fCa_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Km_fCa</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>Km_fCa</ci>
<ci>Ca_sub</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tau_fCa</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>fCa_infinity</ci>
<ci>alpha_fCa</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>fCa</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>fCa_infinity</ci>
<ci>fCa</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_fCa</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="i_CaT">
<variable cmeta:id="i_CaT_i_CaT" name="i_CaT" public_interface="out" units="picoA"/>
<variable initial_value="0.1832" name="g_CaT" units="nanoS_per_picoF"/>
<variable initial_value="45" name="E_CaT" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="Cm" public_interface="in" units="picoF"/>
<variable name="time" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="Vm" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="dT" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="fT" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_CaT</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Cm</ci>
<ci>g_CaT</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<ci>E_CaT</ci>
</apply>
<ci>dT</ci>
<ci>fT</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="i_CaT_dT_gate">
<variable initial_value="0" name="dT" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="dT_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="tau_dT" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="Vm" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>dT_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">26.3</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">6</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tau_dT</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">1</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1.068</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">26.3</cn>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1.068</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">26.3</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>dT</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>dT_infinity</ci>
<ci>dT</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_dT</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="i_CaT_fT_gate">
<variable initial_value="1" name="fT" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="fT_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="tau_fT" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="Vm" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>fT_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">61.7</cn>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">5.6</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tau_fT</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">1</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.0153</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">61.7</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">83.3</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.015</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">61.7</cn>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">15.38</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>fT</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>fT_infinity</ci>
<ci>fT</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_fT</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="i_Kr">
<variable cmeta:id="i_Kr_i_Kr" name="i_Kr" public_interface="out" units="picoA"/>
<variable initial_value="0.08113973" name="g_Kr" units="nanoS_per_picoF"/>
<variable name="Cm" public_interface="in" units="picoF"/>
<variable name="time" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="Vm" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="E_K" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="paS" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="paF" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="pi_" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_Kr</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Cm</ci>
<ci>g_Kr</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<ci>E_K</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.6</cn>
<ci>paF</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.4</cn>
<ci>paS</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci>pi_</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="i_Kr_pa_gate">
<variable initial_value="0" name="paS" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable initial_value="0" name="paF" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="pa_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="tau_paS" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="tau_paF" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="Vm" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>pa_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">23.2</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10.6</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tau_paS</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">0.84655354</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.0042</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">17</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.00015</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">21.6</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tau_paF</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">0.84655354</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.0372</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">15.9</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.00096</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">22.5</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>paS</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>pa_infinity</ci>
<ci>paS</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_paS</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>paF</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>pa_infinity</ci>
<ci>paF</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_paF</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="i_Kr_pi_gate">
<variable initial_value="1" name="pi_" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="pi_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="tau_pi" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="Vm" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>pi_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">28.6</cn>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">17.1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tau_pi</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">1</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">54.645</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.656</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">106.157</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>pi_</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>pi_infinity</ci>
<ci>pi_</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_pi</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="i_Ks">
<variable name="i_Ks" public_interface="out" units="picoA"/>
<variable initial_value="0.0259" name="g_Ks" units="nanoS_per_picoF"/>
<variable name="E_Ks" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="Cm" public_interface="in" units="picoF"/>
<variable name="time" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="Vm" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="n" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_Ks</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Cm</ci>
<ci>g_Ks</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<ci>E_Ks</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci>n</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="i_Ks_n_gate">
<variable initial_value="0" name="n" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="n_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="tau_n" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="alpha_n" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="beta_n" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="Vm" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>n_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>alpha_n</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>alpha_n</ci>
<ci>beta_n</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tau_n</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>alpha_n</ci>
<ci>beta_n</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>alpha_n</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millisecond">0.014</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">40</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">9</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>beta_n</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millisecond">0.001</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">45</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>n</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>n_infinity</ci>
<ci>n</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_n</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="AP_sensitive_currents">
<variable name="i_to" public_interface="out" units="picoA"/>
<variable name="i_sus" public_interface="out" units="picoA"/>
<variable initial_value="0.252" name="g_to" units="nanoS_per_picoF"/>
<variable initial_value="0.02" name="g_sus" units="nanoS_per_picoF"/>
<variable name="Cm" public_interface="in" units="picoF"/>
<variable name="E_K" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="Vm" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="q" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="r" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_to</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Cm</ci>
<ci>g_to</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<ci>E_K</ci>
</apply>
<ci>q</ci>
<ci>r</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_sus</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Cm</ci>
<ci>g_sus</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<ci>E_K</ci>
</apply>
<ci>r</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="AP_sensitive_currents_q_gate">
<variable initial_value="1" name="q" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="q_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="tau_q" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="Vm" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>q_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">49</cn>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">13</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tau_q</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">6.06</cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">39.102</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.57</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.08</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">44</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.065</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.1</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">45.93</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>q</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>q_infinity</ci>
<ci>q</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_q</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="AP_sensitive_currents_r_gate">
<variable initial_value="0" name="r" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="r_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="tau_r" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="Vm" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>r_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">19.3</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">15</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tau_r</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">2.75352</cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">14.40516</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1.037</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.09</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">30.61</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.369</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.12</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">23.84</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>r</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>r_infinity</ci>
<ci>r</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_r</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="i_f">
<variable cmeta:id="i_f_i_f" name="i_f" public_interface="out" units="picoA"/>
<variable name="i_f_Na" public_interface="out" units="picoA"/>
<variable name="i_f_K" public_interface="out" units="picoA"/>
<variable initial_value="0.15" name="g_if" units="nanoS_per_picoF"/>
<variable name="Cm" public_interface="in" units="picoF"/>
<variable name="E_K" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="E_Na" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="Vm" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="y" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_f_Na</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Cm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.3833</cn>
<ci>g_if</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<ci>E_Na</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci>y</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_f_K</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Cm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.6167</cn>
<ci>g_if</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<ci>E_K</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci>y</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_f</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>i_f_Na</ci>
<ci>i_f_K</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="i_f_y_gate">
<variable initial_value="1" name="y" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="y_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="tau_y" units="millisecond"/>
<variable initial_value="-64" name="VIf_half" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="Vm" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>y_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<ci>VIf_half</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">13.5</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tau_y</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">0.7166529</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">386.9</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">45.302</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">73.08</cn>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">19.231</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>y</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>y_infinity</ci>
<ci>y</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_y</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="i_st">
<variable cmeta:id="i_st_i_st" name="i_st" public_interface="out" units="picoA"/>
<variable initial_value="0.003" name="g_st" units="nanoS_per_picoF"/>
<variable initial_value="37.4" name="E_st" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="Cm" public_interface="in" units="picoF"/>
<variable name="time" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="Vm" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="qa" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="qi" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_st</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Cm</ci>
<ci>g_st</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<ci>E_st</ci>
</apply>
<ci>qa</ci>
<ci>qi</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="i_st_qa_gate">
<variable initial_value="0" name="qa" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="qa_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="tau_qa" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="alpha_qa" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="beta_qa" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="Vm" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>qa_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">57</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">5</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tau_qa</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>alpha_qa</ci>
<ci>beta_qa</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>alpha_qa</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">0.15</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">11</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">0.2</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">700</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>beta_qa</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">16</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">8</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">15</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>qa</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>qa_infinity</ci>
<ci>qa</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_qa</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="i_st_qi_gate">
<variable initial_value="1" name="qi" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="qi_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="tau_qi" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="alpha_qi" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="beta_qi" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="Vm" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>qi_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>alpha_qi</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>alpha_qi</ci>
<ci>beta_qi</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tau_qi</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">6.65</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>alpha_qi</ci>
<ci>beta_qi</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>alpha_qi</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">3100</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">13</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">700</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">70</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>beta_qi</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">95</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">50</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">700</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millisecond">0.000229</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">5</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>qi</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>qi_infinity</ci>
<ci>qi</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_qi</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="i_b_Na">
<variable name="i_b_Na" public_interface="out" units="picoA"/>
<variable initial_value="0.00486" name="g_b_Na" units="nanoS_per_picoF"/>
<variable name="Cm" public_interface="in" units="picoF"/>
<variable name="E_Na" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="Vm" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_b_Na</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Cm</ci>
<ci>g_b_Na</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<ci>E_Na</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="i_NaK">
<variable name="i_NaK" public_interface="out" units="picoA"/>
<variable initial_value="1.4" name="Km_Kp" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="14" name="Km_Nap" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="2.88" name="i_NaK_max" units="picoA_per_picoF"/>
<variable name="Cm" public_interface="in" units="picoF"/>
<variable name="Nai" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Ko" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Vm" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="E_Na" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_NaK</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Cm</ci>
<ci>i_NaK_max</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Km_Kp</ci>
<ci>Ko</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1.2</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Km_Nap</ci>
<ci>Nai</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1.3</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<ci>E_Na</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">120</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="i_b_Ca">
<variable name="i_b_Ca" public_interface="out" units="picoA"/>
<variable initial_value="0.0006" name="g_b_Ca" units="nanoS_per_picoF"/>
<variable name="Cm" public_interface="in" units="picoF"/>
<variable name="E_CaL" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="Vm" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_b_Ca</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Cm</ci>
<ci>g_b_Ca</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Vm</ci>
<ci>E_CaL</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="i_NaCa">
<variable cmeta:id="i_NaCa_i_NaCa" name="i_NaCa" public_interface="out" units="picoA"/>
<variable initial_value="187.5" name="kNaCa" units="picoA_per_picoF"/>
<variable name="x1" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="x2" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="x3" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="x4" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="k41" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="k34" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="k23" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="k21" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="k32" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="k43" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="k12" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="k14" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable initial_value="0.1369" name="Qci" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable initial_value="0.4315" name="Qn" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable initial_value="0" name="Qco" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable initial_value="26.44" name="K3ni" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="0.0207" name="Kci" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="395.3" name="K1ni" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="2.289" name="K2ni" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="26.44" name="Kcni" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="4.663" name="K3no" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="1628" name="K1no" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="561.4" name="K2no" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="3.663" name="Kco" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="RTOnF" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="do" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="di" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="Cm" public_interface="in" units="picoF"/>
<variable name="Cao" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Nao" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Ca_sub" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Nai" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="R" public_interface="in" units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin"/>
<variable name="T" public_interface="in" units="kelvin"/>
<variable name="F" public_interface="in" units="coulomb_per_mole"/>
<variable name="Vm" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_NaCa</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Cm</ci>
<ci>kNaCa</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>x2</ci>
<ci>k21</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>x1</ci>
<ci>k12</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>x1</ci>
<ci>x2</ci>
<ci>x3</ci>
<ci>x4</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>x1</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>k41</ci>
<ci>k34</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>k23</ci>
<ci>k21</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>k21</ci>
<ci>k32</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>k43</ci>
<ci>k41</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>x2</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>k32</ci>
<ci>k43</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>k14</ci>
<ci>k12</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>k41</ci>
<ci>k12</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>k34</ci>
<ci>k32</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>x3</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>k14</ci>
<ci>k43</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>k23</ci>
<ci>k21</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>k12</ci>
<ci>k23</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>k43</ci>
<ci>k41</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>x4</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>k23</ci>
<ci>k34</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>k14</ci>
<ci>k12</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>k14</ci>
<ci>k21</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>k34</ci>
<ci>k32</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>k43</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Nai</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>K3ni</ci>
<ci>Nai</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>RTOnF</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>R</ci>
<ci>T</ci>
</apply>
<ci>F</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>k12</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Ca_sub</ci>
<ci>Kci</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Qci</ci>
</apply>
<ci>Vm</ci>
</apply>
<ci>RTOnF</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci>di</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>k14</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Nai</ci>
<ci>K1ni</ci>
</apply>
<ci>Nai</ci>
</apply>
<ci>K2ni</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Nai</ci>
<ci>K3ni</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Qn</ci>
<ci>Vm</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
<ci>RTOnF</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci>di</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>k41</ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Qn</ci>
</apply>
<ci>Vm</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
<ci>RTOnF</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>di</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Ca_sub</ci>
<ci>Kci</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Qci</ci>
</apply>
<ci>Vm</ci>
</apply>
<ci>RTOnF</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Nai</ci>
<ci>Kcni</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Nai</ci>
<ci>K1ni</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Nai</ci>
<ci>K2ni</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Nai</ci>
<ci>K3ni</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>k34</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Nao</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>K3no</ci>
<ci>Nao</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>k21</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Cao</ci>
<ci>Kco</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Qco</ci>
<ci>Vm</ci>
</apply>
<ci>RTOnF</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci>do</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>k23</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Nao</ci>
<ci>K1no</ci>
</apply>
<ci>Nao</ci>
</apply>
<ci>K2no</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Nao</ci>
<ci>K3no</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Qn</ci>
</apply>
<ci>Vm</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
<ci>RTOnF</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci>do</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>k32</ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Qn</ci>
<ci>Vm</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
<ci>RTOnF</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>do</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Cao</ci>
<ci>Kco</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Qco</ci>
<ci>Vm</ci>
</apply>
<ci>RTOnF</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Nao</ci>
<ci>K1no</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Nao</ci>
<ci>K2no</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Nao</ci>
<ci>K3no</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="j_SRCarel">
<variable name="j_SRCarel" public_interface="out" units="millimolar_per_millisecond"/>
<variable initial_value="0.7499955" name="R" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable initial_value="3.4e-6" name="O" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable initial_value="1.1e-6" name="I" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable initial_value="0.25" name="RI" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable initial_value="250000" name="ks" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable initial_value="15" name="MaxSR" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable initial_value="1" name="MinSR" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable initial_value="0.45" name="EC50_SR" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="2.5" name="HSR" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="koSRCa" units="per_millimolar2_millisecond"/>
<variable name="kiSRCa" units="per_millimolar_millisecond"/>
<variable initial_value="10" name="koCa" units="per_millimolar2_millisecond"/>
<variable initial_value="0.5" name="kiCa" units="per_millimolar_millisecond"/>
<variable name="kCaSR" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable initial_value="0.005" name="kim" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable initial_value="0.06" name="kom" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="Ca_sub" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Ca_jsr" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>j_SRCarel</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>ks</ci>
<ci>O</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Ca_jsr</ci>
<ci>Ca_sub</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>kCaSR</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>MaxSR</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>MaxSR</ci>
<ci>MinSR</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>EC50_SR</ci>
<ci>Ca_jsr</ci>
</apply>
<ci>HSR</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>koSRCa</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>koCa</ci>
<ci>kCaSR</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>kiSRCa</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kiCa</ci>
<ci>kCaSR</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>R</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kim</ci>
<ci>RI</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kiSRCa</ci>
<ci>Ca_sub</ci>
<ci>R</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>koSRCa</ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci>Ca_sub</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
<ci>R</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kom</ci>
<ci>O</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>O</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>koSRCa</ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci>Ca_sub</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
<ci>R</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kom</ci>
<ci>O</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kiSRCa</ci>
<ci>Ca_sub</ci>
<ci>O</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kim</ci>
<ci>I</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>I</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kiSRCa</ci>
<ci>Ca_sub</ci>
<ci>O</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kim</ci>
<ci>I</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kom</ci>
<ci>I</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>koSRCa</ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci>Ca_sub</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
<ci>RI</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>RI</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kom</ci>
<ci>I</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>koSRCa</ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci>Ca_sub</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
<ci>RI</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kim</ci>
<ci>RI</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kiSRCa</ci>
<ci>Ca_sub</ci>
<ci>R</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="intracellular_calcium_fluxes">
<variable name="j_Ca_dif" public_interface="out" units="millimolar_per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="j_up" public_interface="out" units="millimolar_per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="j_tr" public_interface="out" units="millimolar_per_millisecond"/>
<variable initial_value="0.04" name="tau_dif_Ca" units="millisecond"/>
<variable initial_value="40" name="tau_tr" units="millisecond"/>
<variable initial_value="0.012" name="P_up" units="millimolar_per_millisecond"/>
<variable initial_value="0.0006" name="K_up" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Ca_nsr" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Cai" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Ca_sub" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Ca_jsr" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>j_Ca_dif</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Ca_sub</ci>
<ci>Cai</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_dif_Ca</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>j_up</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>P_up</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>K_up</ci>
<ci>Cai</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>j_tr</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Ca_nsr</ci>
<ci>Ca_jsr</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_tr</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="calcium_buffering">
<variable initial_value="0.031" name="TC_tot" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="0.062" name="TMC_tot" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="0.045" name="CM_tot" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="10" name="CQ_tot" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="delta_fTC" public_interface="out" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="delta_fTMC" public_interface="out" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="delta_fCMs" public_interface="out" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="delta_fCMi" public_interface="out" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="delta_fCQ" public_interface="out" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="delta_fTMM" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable initial_value="0.69" name="fTMM" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable initial_value="0.042" name="fCMi" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable initial_value="0.089" name="fCMs" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable initial_value="0.02" name="fTC" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable initial_value="0.22" name="fTMC" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable initial_value="0.032" name="fCQ" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable initial_value="88.8" name="kf_TC" units="per_millimolar_millisecond"/>
<variable initial_value="2.277" name="kf_TMM" units="per_millimolar_millisecond"/>
<variable initial_value="227.7" name="kf_TMC" units="per_millimolar_millisecond"/>
<variable initial_value="227.7" name="kf_CM" units="per_millimolar_millisecond"/>
<variable initial_value="0.534" name="kf_CQ" units="per_millimolar_millisecond"/>
<variable initial_value="0.446" name="kb_TC" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable initial_value="0.00751" name="kb_TMC" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable initial_value="0.751" name="kb_TMM" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable initial_value="0.542" name="kb_CM" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable initial_value="0.445" name="kb_CQ" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="Mgi" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Cai" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Ca_sub" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Ca_jsr" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>fTC</ci>
</apply>
<ci>delta_fTC</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>delta_fTC</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kf_TC</ci>
<ci>Cai</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>fTC</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kb_TC</ci>
<ci>fTC</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>fTMC</ci>
</apply>
<ci>delta_fTMC</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>delta_fTMC</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kf_TMC</ci>
<ci>Cai</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>fTMC</ci>
<ci>fTMM</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kb_TMC</ci>
<ci>fTMC</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>fTMM</ci>
</apply>
<ci>delta_fTMM</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>delta_fTMM</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kf_TMM</ci>
<ci>Mgi</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>fTMC</ci>
<ci>fTMM</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kb_TMM</ci>
<ci>fTMM</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>fCMi</ci>
</apply>
<ci>delta_fCMi</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>delta_fCMi</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kf_CM</ci>
<ci>Cai</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>fCMi</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kb_CM</ci>
<ci>fCMi</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>fCMs</ci>
</apply>
<ci>delta_fCMs</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>delta_fCMs</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kf_CM</ci>
<ci>Ca_sub</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>fCMs</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kb_CM</ci>
<ci>fCMs</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>fCQ</ci>
</apply>
<ci>delta_fCQ</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>delta_fCQ</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kf_CQ</ci>
<ci>Ca_jsr</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>fCQ</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kb_CQ</ci>
<ci>fCQ</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="calcium_dynamics">
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_dynamics_Cai" initial_value="0.0001" name="Cai" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_dynamics_Ca_nsr" initial_value="1.35" name="Ca_nsr" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_dynamics_Ca_jsr" initial_value="0.029" name="Ca_jsr" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_dynamics_Ca_sub" initial_value="0.000223" name="Ca_sub" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="V_i" public_interface="in" units="picolitre"/>
<variable name="V_jsr" public_interface="in" units="picolitre"/>
<variable name="V_nsr" public_interface="in" units="picolitre"/>
<variable name="V_sub" public_interface="in" units="picolitre"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="F" public_interface="in" units="coulomb_per_mole"/>
<variable name="i_b_Ca" public_interface="in" units="picoA"/>
<variable name="i_CaL" public_interface="in" units="picoA"/>
<variable name="i_CaT" public_interface="in" units="picoA"/>
<variable name="i_NaCa" public_interface="in" units="picoA"/>
<variable name="j_SRCarel" public_interface="in" units="millimolar_per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="j_Ca_dif" public_interface="in" units="millimolar_per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="j_tr" public_interface="in" units="millimolar_per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="j_up" public_interface="in" units="millimolar_per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="TMC_tot" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="CM_tot" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="TC_tot" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="CQ_tot" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="delta_fTMC" public_interface="in" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="delta_fCMi" public_interface="in" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="delta_fCMs" public_interface="in" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="delta_fTC" public_interface="in" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="delta_fCQ" public_interface="in" units="per_millisecond"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>Cai</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>j_Ca_dif</ci>
<ci>V_sub</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>j_up</ci>
<ci>V_nsr</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci>V_i</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>CM_tot</ci>
<ci>delta_fCMi</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>TC_tot</ci>
<ci>delta_fTC</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>TMC_tot</ci>
<ci>delta_fTMC</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>Ca_sub</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>j_SRCarel</ci>
<ci>V_jsr</ci>
</apply>
<ci>V_sub</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>i_CaL</ci>
<ci>i_CaT</ci>
<ci>i_b_Ca</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
<ci>i_NaCa</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
<ci>F</ci>
<ci>V_sub</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci>j_Ca_dif</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>CM_tot</ci>
<ci>delta_fCMs</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>Ca_nsr</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>j_up</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>j_tr</ci>
<ci>V_jsr</ci>
</apply>
<ci>V_nsr</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>Ca_jsr</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>j_tr</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>j_SRCarel</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>CQ_tot</ci>
<ci>delta_fCQ</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="model_parameters">
<variable initial_value="2" name="Cao" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="10" name="Nai" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="140" name="Nao" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="140" name="Ki" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="5.4" name="Ko" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="2.5" name="Mgi" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="8314.4" name="R" public_interface="out" units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin"/>
<variable initial_value="310.15" name="T" public_interface="out" units="kelvin"/>
<variable initial_value="96485" name="F" public_interface="out" units="coulomb_per_mole"/>
<variable initial_value="32" name="Cm" public_interface="out" units="picoF"/>
<variable name="V_sub" public_interface="out" units="picolitre"/>
<variable name="V_jsr" public_interface="out" units="picolitre"/>
<variable name="V_nsr" public_interface="out" units="picolitre"/>
<variable name="V_i" public_interface="out" units="picolitre"/>
<variable name="V_cell" units="picolitre"/>
<variable initial_value="0.0012" name="V_jsr_part" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable initial_value="0.46" name="V_i_part" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable initial_value="0.0116" name="V_nsr_part" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable initial_value="4" name="R_cell" units="micrometre"/>
<variable initial_value="70" name="L_cell" units="micrometre"/>
<variable initial_value="0.02" name="L_sub" units="micrometre"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>V_cell</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="picolitre_per_femtolitre">0.001</cn>
<pi/>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci>R_cell</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
<ci>L_cell</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>V_sub</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="picolitre_per_femtolitre">0.001</cn>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
<pi/>
<ci>L_sub</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>R_cell</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>L_sub</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci>L_cell</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>V_jsr</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>V_jsr_part</ci>
<ci>V_cell</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>V_i</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>V_i_part</ci>
<ci>V_cell</ci>
</apply>
<ci>V_sub</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>V_nsr</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>V_nsr_part</ci>
<ci>V_cell</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<group>
<relationship_ref relationship="encapsulation"/>
<component_ref component="i_CaL">
<component_ref component="i_CaL_dL_gate"/>
<component_ref component="i_CaL_fL_gate"/>
<component_ref component="i_CaL_fCa_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="i_CaT">
<component_ref component="i_CaT_dT_gate"/>
<component_ref component="i_CaT_fT_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="i_Kr">
<component_ref component="i_Kr_pa_gate"/>
<component_ref component="i_Kr_pi_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="i_Ks">
<component_ref component="i_Ks_n_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="AP_sensitive_currents">
<component_ref component="AP_sensitive_currents_q_gate"/>
<component_ref component="AP_sensitive_currents_r_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="i_f">
<component_ref component="i_f_y_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="i_st">
<component_ref component="i_st_qa_gate"/>
<component_ref component="i_st_qi_gate"/>
</component_ref>
</group>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="Vm" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="i_CaL" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="i_CaT" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="i_Kr" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="i_Ks" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="AP_sensitive_currents" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="i_f" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="i_st" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="i_NaCa" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="i_NaK" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="j_SRCarel" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="calcium_buffering" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="calcium_dynamics" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="i_CaL" component_2="Vm"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vm" variable_2="Vm"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_CaL" variable_2="i_CaL"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="i_CaT" component_2="Vm"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vm" variable_2="Vm"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_CaT" variable_2="i_CaT"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="i_Kr" component_2="Vm"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vm" variable_2="Vm"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_Kr" variable_2="i_Kr"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="i_Ks" component_2="Vm"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vm" variable_2="Vm"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_Ks" variable_2="i_Ks"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="AP_sensitive_currents" component_2="Vm"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vm" variable_2="Vm"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_to" variable_2="i_to"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_sus" variable_2="i_sus"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="i_f" component_2="Vm"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vm" variable_2="Vm"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_f" variable_2="i_f"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="i_st" component_2="Vm"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vm" variable_2="Vm"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_st" variable_2="i_st"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="i_b_Na" component_2="Vm"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vm" variable_2="Vm"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_b_Na" variable_2="i_b_Na"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="i_b_Ca" component_2="Vm"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vm" variable_2="Vm"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_b_Ca" variable_2="i_b_Ca"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="i_NaK" component_2="Vm"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vm" variable_2="Vm"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_NaK" variable_2="i_NaK"/>
</connection>
<connection>
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<map_variables variable_1="Vm" variable_2="Vm"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_NaCa" variable_2="i_NaCa"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_1="Vm" component_2="model_parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Cm" variable_2="Cm"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_1="electric_potentials" component_2="model_parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Nai" variable_2="Nai"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Nao" variable_2="Nao"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ki" variable_2="Ki"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ko" variable_2="Ko"/>
<map_variables variable_1="R" variable_2="R"/>
<map_variables variable_1="F" variable_2="F"/>
<map_variables variable_1="T" variable_2="T"/>
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<connection>
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<map_variables variable_1="E_K" variable_2="E_K"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="electric_potentials" component_2="i_Ks"/>
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</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="electric_potentials" component_2="AP_sensitive_currents"/>
<map_variables variable_1="E_K" variable_2="E_K"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="i_f" component_2="electric_potentials"/>
<map_variables variable_1="E_Na" variable_2="E_Na"/>
<map_variables variable_1="E_K" variable_2="E_K"/>
</connection>
<connection>
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<map_variables variable_1="E_Na" variable_2="E_Na"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="electric_potentials" component_2="i_NaK"/>
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<connection>
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<map_variables variable_1="Ca_sub" variable_2="Ca_sub"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_CaL" variable_2="i_CaL"/>
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<connection>
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<connection>
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<connection>
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<connection>
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<connection>
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<connection>
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<connection>
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</connection>
<connection>
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</connection>
<connection>
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<connection>
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<connection>
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<connection>
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<connection>
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<map_variables variable_1="Ko" variable_2="Ko"/>
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<connection>
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<map_variables variable_1="Nai" variable_2="Nai"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Nao" variable_2="Nao"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Cao" variable_2="Cao"/>
<map_variables variable_1="R" variable_2="R"/>
<map_variables variable_1="F" variable_2="F"/>
<map_variables variable_1="T" variable_2="T"/>
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<connection>
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<map_variables variable_1="i_NaCa" variable_2="i_NaCa"/>
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<connection>
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<connection>
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<connection>
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<connection>
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<map_variables variable_1="j_up" variable_2="j_up"/>
<map_variables variable_1="j_tr" variable_2="j_tr"/>
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<connection>
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<map_variables variable_1="Ca_jsr" variable_2="Ca_jsr"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Cai" variable_2="Cai"/>
<map_variables variable_1="TMC_tot" variable_2="TMC_tot"/>
<map_variables variable_1="CM_tot" variable_2="CM_tot"/>
<map_variables variable_1="TC_tot" variable_2="TC_tot"/>
<map_variables variable_1="CQ_tot" variable_2="CQ_tot"/>
<map_variables variable_1="delta_fTMC" variable_2="delta_fTMC"/>
<map_variables variable_1="delta_fCMi" variable_2="delta_fCMi"/>
<map_variables variable_1="delta_fCMs" variable_2="delta_fCMs"/>
<map_variables variable_1="delta_fTC" variable_2="delta_fTC"/>
<map_variables variable_1="delta_fCQ" variable_2="delta_fCQ"/>
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<connection>
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<map_variables variable_1="dL" variable_2="dL"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vm" variable_2="Vm"/>
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<connection>
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<map_variables variable_1="fL" variable_2="fL"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vm" variable_2="Vm"/>
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<connection>
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<map_variables variable_1="Vm" variable_2="Vm"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_sub" variable_2="Ca_sub"/>
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<connection>
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<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vm" variable_2="Vm"/>
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<connection>
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<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vm" variable_2="Vm"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_1="i_Kr" component_2="i_Kr_pa_gate"/>
<map_variables variable_1="paF" variable_2="paF"/>
<map_variables variable_1="paS" variable_2="paS"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vm" variable_2="Vm"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_1="i_Kr" component_2="i_Kr_pi_gate"/>
<map_variables variable_1="pi_" variable_2="pi_"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vm" variable_2="Vm"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_1="i_Ks" component_2="i_Ks_n_gate"/>
<map_variables variable_1="n" variable_2="n"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vm" variable_2="Vm"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="AP_sensitive_currents" component_2="AP_sensitive_currents_q_gate"/>
<map_variables variable_1="q" variable_2="q"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vm" variable_2="Vm"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="AP_sensitive_currents" component_2="AP_sensitive_currents_r_gate"/>
<map_variables variable_1="r" variable_2="r"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vm" variable_2="Vm"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="i_f" component_2="i_f_y_gate"/>
<map_variables variable_1="y" variable_2="y"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vm" variable_2="Vm"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_1="i_st" component_2="i_st_qa_gate"/>
<map_variables variable_1="qa" variable_2="qa"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vm" variable_2="Vm"/>
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<connection>
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<map_variables variable_1="qi" variable_2="qi"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vm" variable_2="Vm"/>
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<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"><rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="n1"><rdf:first><rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="n2"/></rdf:first><rdf:rest><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil"/></rdf:rest></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="n3"><JournalArticle xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#"><rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="n4"/></JournalArticle><Pubmed_id xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#" xml:lang="en">19136600</Pubmed_id></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="n5"><Given xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">E</Given><Other xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">G</Other><Family xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">Lakatta</Family></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="n6"><Given xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">V</Given><Other xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">A</Other><Family xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xml:lang="en">Maltsev</Family></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="n7"><W3CDTF xmlns="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xml:lang="en">2009-03</W3CDTF></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="n8"><rdf:value><rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="n9"/></rdf:value><subject_type xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#" xml:lang="en">keyword</subject_type></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="n10"><title xmlns="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xml:lang="en">Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol.</title></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="n11"><N xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#"><rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="n6"/></N></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="n12"><rdf:type><rdf:Description rdf:about="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#Seq"/></rdf:type><rdf:_1><rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="n11"/></rdf:_1><rdf:_2><rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="n13"/></rdf:_2></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="n13"><N xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#"><rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="n5"/></N></rdf:Description><rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="n4"><Journal xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#"><rdf:Description rdf:nodeID="n10"/></Journal><first_page xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#" xml:lang="en">H561</first_page><title xmlns="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xml:lang="en">
Synergism of coupled subsarcolemmal Ca2+ clocks and sarcolemmal voltage clocks confers robust and flexible pacemaker function in a novel pacemaker cell model.
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