- Author:
- pmr2.import <nobody@models.cellml.org>
- Date:
- 2007-06-17 23:28:47+12:00
- Desc:
- committing version01 of lenbury_ruktamatakul_amornsamarnkul_2001
- Permanent Source URI:
- https://models.physiomeproject.org/workspace/lenbury_ruktamatakul_amornsamarnkul_2001/rawfile/bf33c7d8bb30f60870c302c85947613a32bd77e7/lenbury_ruktamatakul_amornsamarnkul_2001.cellml
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!-- FILE : lenbury_model_2001.xml
CREATED : 18th June 2007
LAST MODIFIED : 18th June 2007
AUTHOR : Catherine Lloyd
Bioengineering Institute
The University of Auckland
MODEL STATUS : This model conforms to the CellML 1.1 Specification.
DESCRIPTION : This file contains a CellML description of Lenbury et al.'s 2001 mathematical model of insulin kinetics.
CHANGES:
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<documentation xmlns="http://cellml.org/tmp-documentation">
<article>
<articleinfo>
<title>Modelling insulin kinetics in response to oral glucose administration</title>
<author>
<firstname>Catherine</firstname>
<surname>Lloyd</surname>
<affiliation>
<shortaffil>Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland</shortaffil>
</affiliation>
</author>
</articleinfo>
<sect1 id="sec_structure">
<title>Model Structure</title>
<para>
The secretion of insulin, and its biological effectiveness in reducing blood glucose levels, is mainly dependent on the number and functional efficiency of the pancreatic beta-cells, and also the degree of peripheral insulin resistance. Diabetes can arise from either a deficiency in insulin secretion or from a resistance to insulin. Several mathematical models have been proposed to try and describe the relationships between the plasma concentrations of glucose and insulin. However, these models are often too complex for the available clinical data; which is usually based on glucose alone and is only for a relatively short time period. The current model described here in CellML is based on the published model of Lenbury <emphasis>et al.</emphasis> (2001) and involves just four variables:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Plasma insulin concentration;</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Plasma glucose concentration;</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Pancreatic beta-cell density; and</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>A term to define gastrointestinal glucose absorption.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>
<informalfigure float="0" id="fig_reaction_diagram">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<objectinfo>
<title>model diagram</title>
</objectinfo>
<imagedata fileref="lenbury_2001a.png"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
<caption>Schematic diagram of the pancreatic beta-cells. Glucose is taken up and produced in response to insulin secretion and clearance. Beta-cell formation and loss represent the rates at which beta-cells replicate and die.</caption>
</informalfigure>
</para>
<para>
The complete original paper reference is cited below:
</para>
<para>
<ulink url="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T2K-42D81GT-3&_user=140507&_coverDate=01%2F31%2F2001&_rdoc=1&_fmt=summary&_orig=search&_cdi=4921&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000011498&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=140507&md5=8cb4b28f849388b8c06bec6ce4846469">Modeling insulin kinetics: responses to a single oral glucose administration or ambulatory-fed conditions.</ulink>, Yongwimon Lenbury, Sitipong Ruktamatakul, and Somkid Amornsamarnkul, 2001, <ulink url="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00255564">
<emphasis>Mathematical Biosciences</emphasis>
</ulink>, 59, 15-25. (<ulink url="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T2K-42D81GT-3&_user=140507&_coverDate=01%2F31%2F2001&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000011498&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=140507&md5=141514217bdc100e0a9bb676cfc1589b">Full text (HTML)</ulink> and PDF versions of the article are available on the <emphasis>BioSystems</emphasis> website.) <ulink url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=11226623&query_hl=1&itool=pubmed_docsum">PubMed ID: 11226623</ulink>
</para>
</sect1>
</article>
</documentation>
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<unit units="mole" prefix="micro"/>
<unit units="litre" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="first_order_rate_constant">
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<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="r1" initial_value="0.15"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="r2" initial_value="0.12"/>
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<ci> r1 </ci>
<ci> y </ci>
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<apply>
<minus/>
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<ci> r2 </ci>
<ci> x </ci>
</apply>
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<ci> c1 </ci>
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<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="r3" initial_value="0.05"/>
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<ci> c2 </ci>
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<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="r5" initial_value="0.09"/>
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<component name="model_constants">
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<connection>
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<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
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<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
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<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="u"/>
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<rdf:RDF>
<rdf:Bag rdf:about="rdf:#a077dee7-e91f-48f9-aef1-cfb7a7dbe264">
<rdf:li>insulin</rdf:li>
<rdf:li>pancreas</rdf:li>
<rdf:li>beta cell</rdf:li>
</rdf:Bag>
<rdf:Seq rdf:about="rdf:#ee3ca3c8-0989-4c9e-aafb-3587a442b5de">
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="">
<dc:publisher>The University of Auckland, Bioengineering Institute</dc:publisher>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#77661d03-0a29-4e15-8152-ee059784ae64">
<vCard:Given>Somkid</vCard:Given>
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<vCard:Given>Catherine</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Lloyd</vCard:Family>
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<dc:title>
Lenbury et al.'s 2001 mathematical model of insulin kinetics.
</dc:title>
<cmeta:bio_entity>pacreatic beta cell</cmeta:bio_entity>
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<dcterms:alternative>glucose absorption</dcterms:alternative>
<dc:title>u</dc:title>
</rdf:Description>
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<dc:title>Mathematical modeling of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system activity</dc:title>
<bqs:volume>59</bqs:volume>
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