- Author:
- pmr2.import <nobody@models.cellml.org>
- Date:
- 2006-07-09 07:54:51+12:00
- Desc:
- committing version01 of iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004
- Permanent Source URI:
- https://models.physiomeproject.org/workspace/iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004/rawfile/77b958311f2a51ea1e1a99afbbd1d0b643ad85df/iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!-- FILE : iyer_model_2004.xml
CREATED : 14th September 2004
LAST MODIFIED : 27th April 2005
AUTHOR : Catherine Lloyd
The Bioengineering Institute
The University of Auckland
MODEL STATUS : This model conforms to the CellML 1.0 Specification released on
10th August 2001, and the CellML Metadata 1.0 Specification released on 16th
January, 2002.
DESCRIPTION : This file contains a CellML description of Iyer et al.'s 2004 mathematical model of the human left ventricular epicardial myocyte.
CHANGES:
27/04/2005 - PJV - Made MathML id's unique. Removed undefined
initial values. Removed extraneous character.
--><model xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" xmlns:cmeta="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/1.0#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:bqs="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#" xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" cmeta:id="iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004_version01" name="iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004_version01">
<documentation xmlns="http://cellml.org/tmp-documentation">
<article>
<articleinfo>
<title>A Computational Model of the Human Left-Ventricular Epicardial Myocyte</title>
<author>
<firstname>Catherine</firstname>
<surname>Lloyd</surname>
<affiliation>
<shortaffil>Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland</shortaffil>
</affiliation>
</author>
</articleinfo>
<section id="sec_status">
<title>Model Status</title>
<para>
This is the original unchecked version of the model imported from the previous
CellML model repository, 24-Jan-2006.
</para>
</section>
<sect1 id="sec_structure">
<title>Model Structure</title>
<para>
Computational models of the mammalian ventricular myocyte have played a significant role in improving our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the ventricular action potential, both in the normal, healthy individual and also in diseased states. As experimental techniques have become more sophisticated, more detailed biophysical data have been generated, and in turn, the mathematical models which are based on this data have also become more complex and physiologically more accurate. Examples of such computational models include:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
<ulink url="${HTML_EXMPL_LR_I_MODEL}">The Luo-Rudy Ventricular Model I, 1991</ulink>;</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<ulink url="${HTML_EXMPL_LR_II_MODEL}">The Luo-Rudy Ventricular Model II (dynamic), 1994</ulink>;</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<ulink url="${HTML_EXMPL_N98_MODEL}">The Noble <emphasis>et al.</emphasis> Ventricular Cell Model, 1998</ulink>;</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<ulink url="${HTML_EXMPL_PRIEBE_MODEL}">The Priebe and Beuckelmann, Electrophysiological Model of the Human Ventricular Myocyte, 1998</ulink>
</para>;</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<ulink url="${HTML_EXMPL_W_MODEL}">The Winslow <emphasis>et al.</emphasis> Canine Ventricular Cell Model, 1999</ulink>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>and most recently, <ulink url="${HTML_EXMPL_TEN_TUSSCHER_MODEL04}">The Ten Tusscher <emphasis>et al</emphasis>. Model For Human Ventricular Tissue, 2004</ulink>
</para>
</listitem>.
</itemizedlist>
<para>
Please note that this list is not exhaustive and there are more examples of ventricular myocyte models (some of which can be found in the Ventricular Myocyte section of the CellML model repository).
</para>
<para>
The Priebe-Beuckelmann model and the Ten Tusscher <emphasis>et al.</emphasis> models are able to adequately describe the qualitative features of the human ventricular action potential and also the calcium transient morphology, however, these models utilise little of the existing experimental data on channel properties, whole-cell currents, excitation-contraction coupling, or on the processes which regulate intracellular sodium concentration. By contrast, in the Iyer <emphasis>et al.</emphasis> 2004 publication described here, the authors use this more extensive experimental data to develop their computational model of the human left-ventricular epicardial myocyte (see <xref linkend="fig_cell_diagram"/> below). The resulting model displays long-term stability of intracellular ion concentrations over a range of pacing frequencies, and it is also able to reproduce and predict the diverse behaviours which have been measured experimentally in isolated human ventricular myocytes.
</para>
<para>
The model has been described here in CellML (the raw CellML description of the Iyer <emphasis>et al.</emphasis> 2004 model can be downloaded in various formats as described in <xref linkend="sec_download_this_model"/>).
</para>
<para>
The complete original paper reference is cited below:
</para>
<para>
<ulink url="http://www.biophysj.org/cgi/content/abstract/87/3/1507">A Computational Model of the Human Left-Ventricular Epicardial Myocyte</ulink>, Vivek Iyer, Reza Mazhari and Raimond L. Winslow, 2004, <ulink url="http://www.biophysj.org/">
<emphasis>Biophysical Journal</emphasis>
</ulink>, 87, 1507-1525. (<ulink url="http://www.biophysj.org/cgi/content/full/87/3/1507">Full text (HTML)</ulink> and <ulink url="http://www.biophysj.org/cgi/reprint/87/3/1507.pdf">PDF</ulink> versions of the article are available to subscribers on the <emphasis>Biophysical Journal</emphasis> website.) <ulink url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=15345532&dopt=Abstract">PubMed ID: 15345532</ulink>
</para>
<informalfigure float="0" id="fig_cell_diagram">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<objectinfo>
<title>cell diagram</title>
</objectinfo>
<imagedata fileref="cell_diagram.gif"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
<caption>A schematic diagram describing the ion movement across the cell surface membrane and the sarcoplasmic reticulum, which are described by the Iyer <emphasis>et al.</emphasis> 2004 mathematical model of the human left-ventricular epicardial myocyte.</caption>
</informalfigure>
</sect1>
</article>
</documentation>
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<unit units="millimolar" exponent="-1"/>
<unit units="millisecond" exponent="-1"/>
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<units name="fifth_order_rate_constant">
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<units name="flux">
<unit units="millimolar"/>
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<units name="millivolt">
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<units name="picoF">
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<units name="microA_per_microF">
<unit units="ampere" prefix="micro"/>
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<unit units="ampere" prefix="pico"/>
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<units name="per_millimolar">
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<units name="micromolar">
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<units name="joule_per_kelvin_mole">
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<unit units="kelvin" exponent="-1"/>
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<units name="joule_per_mole">
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<units name="joule_per_millisecond">
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<units name="joule_per_kelvin">
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<units name="cm_per_second">
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<unit units="second" exponent="-1"/>
</units>
<units name="per_millisecond_millimetre">
<unit units="millisecond" exponent="-1"/>
<unit units="metre" prefix="milli" exponent="-1"/>
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<units name="microlitre">
<unit units="litre" prefix="micro"/>
</units>
<component name="environment">
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="out" name="time"/>
</component>
<component name="sodium_current">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_Na"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="E_Na"/>
<variable units="milliS_per_microF" name="g_Na" initial_value="56.32"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="C0Na"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="INa"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="C1Na"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="C2Na"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="C3Na"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="C4Na"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="O1Na"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="O2Na"/>
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<variable units="dimensionless" name="CI1Na"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="CI2Na"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="CI3Na"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="CI4Na"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="alpha"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="beta"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="gamma"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="delta"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="On"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="Of"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="gamma_gamma"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="delta_delta"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="epsilon"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="omega"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="eta"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="nu"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="Cn"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="Cf"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="a" initial_value="1.4004"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="Q" initial_value="1.389"/>
<variable units="joule_per_kelvin" name="K" initial_value="1.381"/>
<variable units="joule_per_millisecond" name="H" initial_value="6.626"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="joule_per_kelvin_mole" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_millimole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nai"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nao"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
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<eq/>
<ci> i_Na </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_Na </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> O1Na </ci>
<ci> O2Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
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<ci> E_Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="E_Na_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> E_Na </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
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<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Nao </ci>
<ci> Nai </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="sodium_current_alpha_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Q </ci>
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<divide/>
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<times/>
<ci> K </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
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</apply>
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<apply id="sodium_current_beta_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Q </ci>
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<divide/>
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<times/>
<ci> K </ci>
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<eq/>
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<plus/>
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<divide/>
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<times/>
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<plus/>
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<apply>
<times/>
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<ci> T </ci>
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<apply>
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<ci> R </ci>
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<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="joule_per_kelvin_mole"> 193.265 </cn>
<ci> R </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -1.7429 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="eta_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> eta </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Q </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> H </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="joule_per_mole"> 147814.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="joule_per_kelvin_mole"> 338.915 </cn>
<ci> R </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.1360 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="Cn_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> Cn </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Q </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> H </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="joule_per_mole"> 287913.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="joule_per_kelvin_mole"> 786.217 </cn>
<ci> R </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.0 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="Cf_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> Cf </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Q </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> H </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="joule_per_mole"> 59565.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="joule_per_kelvin_mole"> 0.00711 </cn>
<ci> R </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.0 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="C0Na_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> C0Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta </ci>
<ci> C1Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Cf </ci>
<ci> CI0Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> beta </ci>
</apply>
<ci> Cn </ci>
</apply>
<ci> C0Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="C1Na_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> C1Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> alpha </ci>
<ci> C0Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> beta </ci>
<ci> C2Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Cf </ci>
<ci> a </ci>
</apply>
<ci> CI1Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> beta </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Cn </ci>
<ci> a </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> alpha </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> C1Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="C2Na_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> C2Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> alpha </ci>
<ci> C1Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> beta </ci>
<ci> C3Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Cf </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> a </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> CI2Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> beta </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Cn </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> a </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> alpha </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> C2Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="C3Na_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> C3Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> alpha </ci>
<ci> C2Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> beta </ci>
<ci> C4Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Cf </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> a </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> CI3Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> beta </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Cn </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> a </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> alpha </ci>
</apply>
<ci> C3Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="C4Na_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> C4Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha </ci>
<ci> C3Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> delta </ci>
<ci> O1Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> nu </ci>
<ci> O2Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Cf </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> a </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> CI4Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> beta </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Cn </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> a </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> gamma </ci>
<ci> eta </ci>
</apply>
<ci> C4Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="O1Na_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> O1Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> gamma </ci>
<ci> C4Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> omega </ci>
<ci> O2Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Of </ci>
<ci> INa </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> delta </ci>
<ci> epsilon </ci>
<ci> On </ci>
</apply>
<ci> O1Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="O2Na_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> O2Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> epsilon </ci>
<ci> O1Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> eta </ci>
<ci> C4Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> omega </ci>
<ci> nu </ci>
</apply>
<ci> O2Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="CI0Na_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> CI0Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> beta </ci>
<ci> a </ci>
</apply>
<ci> CI1Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Cn </ci>
<ci> C0Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Cf </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> alpha </ci>
<ci> a </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> C3Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="CI1Na_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> CI1Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> alpha </ci>
<ci> a </ci>
<ci> CI0Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> beta </ci>
</apply>
<ci> a </ci>
</apply>
<ci> CI2Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Cn </ci>
<ci> a </ci>
<ci> C1Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> beta </ci>
<ci> a </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> alpha </ci>
<ci> a </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Cf </ci>
<ci> a </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> CI1Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="CI2Na_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> CI2Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> alpha </ci>
<ci> a </ci>
<ci> CI1Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> beta </ci>
</apply>
<ci> a </ci>
</apply>
<ci> CI3Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Cn </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> a </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> C2Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> beta </ci>
</apply>
<ci> a </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> alpha </ci>
<ci> a </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Cf </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> a </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> CI2Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="CI3Na_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> CI3Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> alpha </ci>
<ci> a </ci>
<ci> CI2Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> beta </ci>
</apply>
<ci> a </ci>
</apply>
<ci> CI4Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Cn </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> a </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> C3Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> beta </ci>
</apply>
<ci> a </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha </ci>
<ci> a </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Cf </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> a </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> CI3Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="CI4Na_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> CI4Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha </ci>
<ci> a </ci>
<ci> CI3Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> delta_delta </ci>
<ci> INa </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Cn </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> a </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> C4Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> beta </ci>
</apply>
<ci> a </ci>
</apply>
<ci> gamma_gamma </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Cf </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> a </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> CI4Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="INa_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> INa </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> gamma_gamma </ci>
<ci> CI4Na </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> On </ci>
<ci> O1Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> delta_delta </ci>
<ci> Of </ci>
</apply>
<ci> INa </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="rapidly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_Kr"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="E_K"/>
<variable units="milliS_per_microF" name="g_Kr" initial_value="0.0186"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="f_Ko"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="IKr"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="C1Kr"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="C2Kr"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="C3Kr"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="OKr"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="alpha0"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="beta0"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="alpha1"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="beta1"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="alphai"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="betai"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="alphai3"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="kf" initial_value="0.0261"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="kb" initial_value="0.1483"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="psi"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="joule_per_kelvin_mole" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_millimole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ki"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ko"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_Kr_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Kr </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_Kr </ci>
<ci> f_Ko </ci>
<ci> OKr </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_K </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="E_K_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> E_K </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ko </ci>
<ci> Ki </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="f_Ko_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> f_Ko </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ko </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millimolar"> 4.0 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.5 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="alpha0_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha0 </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="first_order_rate_constant"> 0.0171 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.0330 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="beta0_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta0 </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="first_order_rate_constant"> 0.0397 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -0.0431 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="alpha1_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha1 </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="first_order_rate_constant"> 0.0206 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.0262 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="beta1_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta1 </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="first_order_rate_constant"> 0.0013 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -0.0269 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="alphai_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alphai </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="first_order_rate_constant"> 0.1067 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.0057 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="rapidly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_betai_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> betai </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="first_order_rate_constant"> 0.0065 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -0.0454 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="alphai3_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alphai3 </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="first_order_rate_constant"> 8.04E-5 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 6.98E-7 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="C1Kr_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> C1Kr </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta0 </ci>
<ci> C2Kr </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha0 </ci>
<ci> C1Kr </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="C2Kr_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> C2Kr </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha0 </ci>
<ci> C1Kr </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> kb </ci>
<ci> C3Kr </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> beta0 </ci>
<ci> kf </ci>
</apply>
<ci> C2Kr </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="C3Kr_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> C3Kr </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> psi </ci>
<ci> IKr </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta1 </ci>
<ci> OKr </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> kb </ci>
<ci> alpha1 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> C3Kr </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="OKr_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> OKr </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha1 </ci>
<ci> C3Kr </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> betai </ci>
<ci> IKr </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> beta1 </ci>
<ci> alphai </ci>
</apply>
<ci> OKr </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="IKr_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> IKr </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alphai3 </ci>
<ci> C3Kr </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alphai </ci>
<ci> OKr </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> psi </ci>
<ci> betai </ci>
</apply>
<ci> IKr </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="psi_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> psi </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta1 </ci>
<ci> betai </ci>
<ci> alphai3 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha1 </ci>
<ci> alphai </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_Ks"/>
<variable units="milliS_per_microF" name="g_Ks" initial_value="0.0035"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="C0Ks"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="C1Ks"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="O1Ks"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="O2Ks"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="alpha" initial_value="7.956E-3"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="beta"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="gamma" initial_value="3.97E-2"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="delta"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="epsilon"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="omega"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_K"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_Ks_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Ks </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_Ks </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> O1Ks </ci>
<ci> O2Ks </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_K </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_beta_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="first_order_rate_constant"> 2.16E-1 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -0.00002 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_delta_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> delta </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="first_order_rate_constant"> 7.0E-3 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -0.15 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_epsilon_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> epsilon </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="first_order_rate_constant"> 7.67E-3 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.087 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_omega_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> omega </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="first_order_rate_constant"> 3.80E-3 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -0.014 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="C0Ks_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> C0Ks </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta </ci>
<ci> C1Ks </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha </ci>
<ci> C0Ks </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="C1Ks_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> C1Ks </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha </ci>
<ci> C0Ks </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> delta </ci>
<ci> O1Ks </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> beta </ci>
<ci> gamma </ci>
</apply>
<ci> C1Ks </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="O1Ks_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> O1Ks </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> gamma </ci>
<ci> C1Ks </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> omega </ci>
<ci> O2Ks </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> delta </ci>
<ci> epsilon </ci>
</apply>
<ci> O1Ks </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="O2Ks_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> O2Ks </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> epsilon </ci>
<ci> O1Ks </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> omega </ci>
<ci> O2Ks </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="transient_outward_potassium_current_fast_recovering_component">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_Kv4_3"/>
<variable units="milliS_per_microF" name="g_Kv4_3" initial_value="0.0775"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="C0Kvf"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="C1Kvf"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="C2Kvf"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="C3Kvf"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="C4Kvf"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="OKvf"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="CI0Kvf"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="CI1Kvf"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="CI2Kvf"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="CI3Kvf"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="OIKvf"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="alphaa"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="betaa"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="alphai" initial_value="0.109566"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="betai" initial_value="3.03334E-4"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="f1" initial_value="1.66120"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="f2" initial_value="22.2463"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="f3" initial_value="195.978"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="f4" initial_value="181.609"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="b1" initial_value="0.72246"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="b2" initial_value="0.47656"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="b3" initial_value="7.77537"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="b4" initial_value="318.232"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_K"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_Kv4_3_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Kv4_3 </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_Kv4_3 </ci>
<ci> OKvf </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_K </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="transient_outward_potassium_current_fast_recovering_component_alphaa_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="first_order_rate_constant"> 0.675425.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.0255 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="transient_outward_potassium_current_fast_recovering_component_betaa_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> betaa </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="first_order_rate_constant"> 0.088269 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -0.0883 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="C0Kvf_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> C0Kvf </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> betaa </ci>
<ci> C1Kvf </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alphai </ci>
<ci> CI0Kvf </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> betai </ci>
</apply>
<ci> C0Kvf </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="C1Kvf_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> C1Kvf </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
<ci> C0Kvf </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> betaa </ci>
<ci> C2Kvf </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> alphai </ci>
<ci> betai </ci>
</apply>
<ci> CI1Kvf </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> betaa </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f1 </ci>
<ci> betai </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> C1Kvf </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="C2Kvf_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> C2Kvf </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
<ci> C1Kvf </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> betaa </ci>
<ci> C3Kvf </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> alphai </ci>
<ci> b2 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> CI2Kvf </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> betaa </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f2 </ci>
<ci> betai </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> C2Kvf </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="C3Kvf_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> C3Kvf </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
<ci> C2Kvf </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> betaa </ci>
<ci> C4Kvf </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> alphai </ci>
<ci> b3 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> CI3Kvf </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> betaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f3 </ci>
<ci> betai </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> C3Kvf </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="OKvf_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> OKvf </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
<ci> C3Kvf </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> alphai </ci>
<ci> b4 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> OIKvf </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> betaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f4 </ci>
<ci> betai </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> OKvf </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="CI0Kvf_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> CI0Kvf </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> betaa </ci>
<ci> f1 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> CI1Kvf </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> betai </ci>
<ci> C0Kvf </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> b1 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> alphai </ci>
</apply>
<ci> CI0Kvf </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="CI1Kvf_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> CI1Kvf </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> b1 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
<ci> CI0Kvf </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f1 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> betaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> f2 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> CI2Kvf </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f1 </ci>
<ci> betai </ci>
<ci> C1Kvf </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> betaa </ci>
<ci> f1 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> b2 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> b1 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> alphai </ci>
<ci> b3 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> CI1Kvf </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="CI2Kvf_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> CI2Kvf </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> b2 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
<ci> CI1Kvf </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f2 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> betaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> f3 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> CI3Kvf </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f2 </ci>
<ci> betai </ci>
<ci> C2Kvf </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f1 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> betaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> f2 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> b3 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> b2 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> alphai </ci>
<ci> b2 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> CI2Kvf </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="CI3Kvf_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> CI3Kvf </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> b3 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
<ci> CI2Kvf </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f3 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> betaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> f4 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> OIKvf </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f3 </ci>
<ci> betai </ci>
<ci> C3Kvf </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f2 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> betaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> f3 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> b4 </ci>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> b3 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> alphai </ci>
<ci> b3 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> CI3Kvf </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="OIKvf_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> OIKvf </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> b4 </ci>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> b3 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> CI3Kvf </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f4 </ci>
<ci> betai </ci>
<ci> OKvf </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f3 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> betaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> f4 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> alphai </ci>
<ci> b4 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> OIKvf </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="transient_outward_potassium_current_slowly_recovering_component">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_Kv1_4"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_Kv1_4Na"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_Kv1_4K"/>
<variable units="cm_per_second" name="P_Kv1_4" initial_value="4.161E-8"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="C0Kvs"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="C1Kvs"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="C2Kvs"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="C3Kvs"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="C4Kvs"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="OKvs"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="CI0Kvs"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="CI1Kvs"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="CI2Kvs"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="CI3Kvs"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="OIKvs"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="alphaa"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="betaa"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="alphai" initial_value="0.003058"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="betai" initial_value="2.4936E-6"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="f1" initial_value="0.52465"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="f2" initial_value="17.5188"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="f3" initial_value="938.587"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="f4" initial_value="54749.1"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="b1" initial_value="1.00947"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="b2" initial_value="1.17100"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="b3" initial_value="0.63902"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="b4" initial_value="2.12035"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="joule_per_kelvin_mole" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_millimole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nai"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nao"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ki"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ko"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_Kv1_4_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Kv1_4 </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> P_Kv1_4 </ci>
<ci> OKvs </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> F </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Ki </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> Ko </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> i_Kv1_4Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="i_Kv1_4Na_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Kv1_4Na </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.02 </cn>
<ci> P_Kv1_4 </ci>
<ci> OKvs </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> F </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Nai </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> Nao </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="transient_outward_potassium_current_slowly_recovering_component_alphaa_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="first_order_rate_constant"> 1.840024 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.0077 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="transient_outward_potassium_current_slowly_recovering_component_betaa_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> betaa </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="first_order_rate_constant"> 0.010817 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -0.0779 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="C0Kvs_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> C0Kvs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> betaa </ci>
<ci> C1Kvs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alphai </ci>
<ci> CI0Kvs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> betai </ci>
</apply>
<ci> C0Kvs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="C1Kvs_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> C1Kvs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
<ci> C0Kvs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> betaa </ci>
<ci> C2Kvs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> alphai </ci>
<ci> betai </ci>
</apply>
<ci> CI1Kvs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> betaa </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f1 </ci>
<ci> betai </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> C1Kvs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="C2Kvs_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> C2Kvs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
<ci> C1Kvs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> betaa </ci>
<ci> C3Kvs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> alphai </ci>
<ci> b2 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> CI2Kvs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> betaa </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f2 </ci>
<ci> betai </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> C2Kvs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="C3Kvs_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> C3Kvs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
<ci> C2Kvs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> betaa </ci>
<ci> C4Kvs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> alphai </ci>
<ci> b3 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> CI3Kvs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> betaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f3 </ci>
<ci> betai </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> C3Kvs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="OKvs_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> OKvs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
<ci> C3Kvs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> alphai </ci>
<ci> b4 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> OIKvs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> betaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f4 </ci>
<ci> betai </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> OKvs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="CI0Kvs_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> CI0Kvs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> betaa </ci>
<ci> f1 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> CI1Kvs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> betai </ci>
<ci> C0Kvs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> b1 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> alphai </ci>
</apply>
<ci> CI0Kvs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="CI1Kvs_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> CI1Kvs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> b1 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
<ci> CI0Kvs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f1 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> betaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> f2 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> CI2Kvs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f1 </ci>
<ci> betai </ci>
<ci> C1Kvs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> betaa </ci>
<ci> f1 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> b2 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> b1 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> alphai </ci>
<ci> b3 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> CI1Kvs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="CI2Kvs_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> CI2Kvs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> b2 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
<ci> CI1Kvs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f2 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> betaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> f3 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> CI3Kvs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f2 </ci>
<ci> betai </ci>
<ci> C2Kvs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f1 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> betaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> f2 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> b3 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> b2 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> alphai </ci>
<ci> b2 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> CI2Kvs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="CI3Kvs_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> CI3Kvs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> b3 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
<ci> CI2Kvs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f3 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> betaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> f4 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> OIKvs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f3 </ci>
<ci> betai </ci>
<ci> C3Kvs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f2 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> betaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> f3 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> b4 </ci>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> b3 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> alphai </ci>
<ci> b3 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> CI3Kvs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="OIKvs_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> OIKvs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> b4 </ci>
<ci> alphaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> b3 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> CI3Kvs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f4 </ci>
<ci> betai </ci>
<ci> OKvs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f3 </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> betaa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> f4 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> alphai </ci>
<ci> b4 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> OIKvs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="time_independent_potassium_current">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_K1"/>
<variable units="milliS_per_microF_millimolar_half" name="g_K1" initial_value="0.125"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="K1_infinity"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_K"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ko"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="joule_per_kelvin_mole" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_millimole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_K1_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_K1 </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_K1 </ci>
<ci> K1_infinity </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Ko </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.5 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_K </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="K1_infinity_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> K1_infinity </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.94 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.26 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_K </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="sodium_calcium_exchange_current">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_NaCa"/>
<variable units="microA_per_microF" name="k_NaCa"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="Km_Na" initial_value="87.5"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="Km_Ca" initial_value="1.38"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="k_sat" initial_value="0.2"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="eta" initial_value="0.35"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="joule_per_kelvin_mole" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_millimole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nai"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nao"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="Cai"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Cao"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="Na_Ca_exchanger">
<eq/>
<ci> i_NaCa </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k_NaCa </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Km_Na </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Nao </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Km_Ca </ci>
<ci> Cao </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k_sat </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> eta </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> eta </ci>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Nai </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> Cao </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> eta </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Nao </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> Cai </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="sodium_background_current">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_Nab"/>
<variable units="milliS_per_microF" name="g_Nab" initial_value="0.001"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_Na"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_Nab_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Nab </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_Nab </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="sodium_potassium_pump_current">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_NaK"/>
<variable units="microA_per_microF" name="k_NaK" initial_value="2.387"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="f_NaK"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="sigma"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="Km_Nai" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="Km_Ko" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="joule_per_kelvin_mole" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_millimole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nai"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ko"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nao"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_NaK_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_NaK </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k_NaK </ci>
<ci> f_NaK </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Km_Nai </ci>
<ci> Nai </ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.5 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ko </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Ko </ci>
<ci> Km_Ko </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="f_NaK_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> f_NaK </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="millimolar"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.1245 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -0.1 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.0365 </cn>
<ci> sigma </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -1.33 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="sigma_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> sigma </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 7.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Nao </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millimolar"> 67.3 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="sarcolemmal_calcium_pump_current">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_pCa"/>
<variable units="nanoS_per_picoF" name="I_pCa" initial_value="0.05"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="Km_pCa" initial_value="0.0005"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Cai"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_pCa_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_pCa </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> I_pCa </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Cai </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Km_pCa </ci>
<ci> Cai </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="calcium_background_current">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_Cab"/>
<variable units="milliS_per_microF" name="g_Cab" initial_value="7.684E-5"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_Ca"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_Cab_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Cab </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_Cab </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_Ca </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="L_type_calcium_current">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_Ca"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_CaK"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="E_Ca"/>
<variable units="cm_per_second" name="P_Ca" initial_value="1.7283E-3"/>
<variable units="cm_per_second" name="PK" initial_value="3.2018E-6"/>
<variable units="cm_per_second" name="P_K"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" name="i_Ca_half" initial_value="-0.265"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="I_Ca"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="C0L"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="C1L"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="C2L"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="C3L"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="C4L"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="OL"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="CCa0L"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="CCa1L"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="CCa2L"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="CCa3L"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="CCa4L"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="alpha"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="beta"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="gamma"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="alpha_"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="beta_"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="gamma_"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="y"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="f" initial_value="0.3"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="g" initial_value="4.0"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="a" initial_value="2.0"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="b" initial_value="2.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond_millimetre" name="omega" initial_value="2.5E-3"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="y_infinity"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="yCa"/>
<variable units="millisecond" name="tau_y"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="C_sc"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="joule_per_kelvin_mole" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_millimole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Cai"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Cao"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ki"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ko"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_ss"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="E_Ca_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> E_Ca </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Cao </ci>
<ci> Cai </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="L_type_calcium_current_alpha_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="first_order_rate_constant"> 1.997 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.012 </cn>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 35.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="beta_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="first_order_rate_constant"> 0.0882 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -0.065 </cn>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 22.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="alpha__calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_ </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha </ci>
<ci> a </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="beta__calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_ </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> beta </ci>
<ci> b </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="L_type_calcium_current_gamma_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> gamma </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millimolar"> 0.0554 </cn>
<ci> Ca_ss </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="C0L_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> C0L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta </ci>
<ci> C1L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> omega </ci>
<ci> CCa0L </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> alpha </ci>
</apply>
<ci> gamma </ci>
</apply>
<ci> C0L </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="C1L_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> C1L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> alpha </ci>
<ci> C0L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> beta </ci>
<ci> C2L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> omega </ci>
<ci> b </ci>
</apply>
<ci> CCa1L </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> alpha </ci>
</apply>
<ci> beta </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> gamma </ci>
<ci> a </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> C1L </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="C2L_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> C2L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> alpha </ci>
<ci> C1L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> beta </ci>
<ci> C3L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> omega </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> b </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> CCa2L </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> alpha </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> beta </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> gamma </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> a </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> C2L </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="C3L_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> C3L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> alpha </ci>
<ci> C2L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> beta </ci>
<ci> C4L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> omega </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> b </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> CCa3L </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> alpha </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> beta </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> gamma </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> a </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> C3L </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="C4L_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> C4L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha </ci>
<ci> C3L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g </ci>
<ci> OL </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> omega </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> b </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> CCa4L </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> f </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> beta </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> gamma </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> a </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> C4L </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="OL_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> OL </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> f </ci>
<ci> C4L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g </ci>
<ci> OL </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="CCa0L_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> CCa0L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_ </ci>
<ci> CCa1L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> gamma </ci>
<ci> C0L </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> alpha_ </ci>
</apply>
<ci> omega </ci>
</apply>
<ci> CCa0L </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="CCa1L_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> CCa1L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> alpha_ </ci>
<ci> CCa0L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> beta_ </ci>
<ci> CCa2L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> gamma </ci>
<ci> a </ci>
<ci> C1L </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> alpha_ </ci>
</apply>
<ci> beta_ </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> omega </ci>
<ci> b </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> CCa1L </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="CCa2L_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> CCa2L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> alpha_ </ci>
<ci> CCa1L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> beta_ </ci>
<ci> CCa3L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> gamma </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> a </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> C2L </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> alpha_ </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> beta_ </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> omega </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> b </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> CCa2L </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="CCa3L_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> CCa3L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> alpha_ </ci>
<ci> CCa2L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> beta_ </ci>
<ci> CCa4L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> gamma </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> a </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> C3L </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> alpha_ </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> beta_ </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> omega </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> b </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> CCa3L </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="CCa4L_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> CCa4L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_ </ci>
<ci> CCa2L </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> gamma </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> a </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> C3L </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> beta_ </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> omega </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> b </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> CCa4L </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="dyCa_dt">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> yCa </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> y_infinity </ci>
<ci> y </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_y </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="y_infinity_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> y_infinity </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.82 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 28.5 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 7.8 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.18 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="tau_y_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> tau_y </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.82 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.00653 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.5 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 7.1 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.00512 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 39.8 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="I_Ca_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> I_Ca </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> P_Ca </ci>
<ci> C_sc </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> F </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.001 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.341 </cn>
<ci> Cao </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="i_Ca_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Ca </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> I_Ca </ci>
<ci> y </ci>
<ci> OL </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="i_CaK_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_CaK </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> P_K </ci>
<ci> C_sc </ci>
</apply>
<ci> y </ci>
<ci> OL </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> F </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Ki </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> Ko </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="P_K_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> P_K </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> PK </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> I_Ca </ci>
<ci> i_Ca_half </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="RyR_channel">
<variable units="flux" public_interface="out" name="J_rel"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="PC1"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="PO1"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="PO2"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="PC2"/>
<variable units="fifth_order_rate_constant" name="ka_plus" initial_value="0.01215"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="ka_minus" initial_value="0.576"/>
<variable units="forth_order_rate_constant" name="kb_plus" initial_value="0.00404"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="kb_minus" initial_value="1.93"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="kc_plus" initial_value="0.3"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="kc_minus" initial_value="0.0009"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="v1" initial_value="1.8"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="m"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="n"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_JSR"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_ss"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="J_rel_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> J_rel </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> v1 </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> PO1 </ci>
<ci> PO2 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> Ca_JSR </ci>
<ci> Ca_ss </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="dPC1_dt">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> PC1 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> ka_minus </ci>
<ci> PO1 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> ka_plus </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Ca_ss </ci>
<ci> n </ci>
</apply>
<ci> PC1 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="dPO1_dt">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> PO1 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> ka_plus </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Ca_ss </ci>
<ci> n </ci>
</apply>
<ci> PC1 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> kb_minus </ci>
<ci> PO2 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> kc_minus </ci>
<ci> PC2 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> ka_minus </ci>
<ci> PO1 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> kb_plus </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Ca_ss </ci>
<ci> m </ci>
</apply>
<ci> PO1 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> kc_plus </ci>
<ci> PO1 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="dPO2_dt">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> PO2 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> kb_plus </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Ca_ss </ci>
<ci> m </ci>
</apply>
<ci> PO1 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> kb_minus </ci>
<ci> PO2 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="dPC2_dt">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> PC2 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> kc_plus </ci>
<ci> PO1 </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> kc_minus </ci>
<ci> PC2 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="SERCA2a_pump">
<variable units="flux" public_interface="out" name="J_up"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="Kfb" initial_value="0.000168"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="fb"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="rb"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="KSR" initial_value="1.2"/>
<variable units="flux" name="vmax_f" initial_value="0.0748E-3"/>
<variable units="flux" name="vmax_r" initial_value="0.03748E-3"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="Nrb" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="Nfb" initial_value="1.2"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="Krb" initial_value="3.29"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_NSR"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Cai"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="J_up_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> J_up </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> KSR </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> vmax_f </ci>
<ci> fb </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> vmax_r </ci>
<ci> rb </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> fb </ci>
<ci> rb </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="fb_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> fb </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Cai </ci>
<ci> Kfb </ci>
</apply>
<ci> Nfb </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="rb_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> rb </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ca_NSR </ci>
<ci> Krb </ci>
</apply>
<ci> Nrb </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="intracellular_calcium_fluxes">
<variable units="flux" public_interface="out" name="J_tr"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="out" name="J_xfer"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="out" name="J_trpn"/>
<variable units="millisecond" name="tau_tr" initial_value="0.5747"/>
<variable units="millisecond" name="tau_xfer" initial_value="26.7"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="HTRPNCa"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="LTRPNCa"/>
<variable units="flux" name="dHTRPNCa_dt"/>
<variable units="flux" name="dLTRPNCa_dt"/>
<variable units="second_order_rate_constant" name="K_plus_HTRPN" initial_value="20.0"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="K_minus_HTRPN" initial_value="0.066E-3"/>
<variable units="second_order_rate_constant" name="K_plus_LTRPN" initial_value="40.0"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="K_minus_LTRPN" initial_value="40.0E-3"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="HTRPN_tot"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="LTRPN_tot"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Km_CMDN"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Km_CSQN"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_NSR"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_JSR"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_ss"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Cai"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="J_tr_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> J_tr </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> Ca_NSR </ci>
<ci> Ca_JSR </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_tr </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="J_xfer_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> J_xfer </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> Ca_ss </ci>
<ci> Cai </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_xfer </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="J_trpn_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> J_trpn </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> dHTRPNCa_dt </ci>
<ci> dLTRPNCa_dt </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="dHTRPNCa_dt">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> HTRPNCa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> dHTRPNCa_dt </ci>
</apply>
<apply id="dLTRPNCa_dt">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> LTRPNCa </ci>
</apply>
<ci> dLTRPNCa_dt </ci>
</apply>
<apply id="dHTRPNCa_dt_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> dHTRPNCa_dt </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K_plus_HTRPN </ci>
<ci> Cai </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> HTRPN_tot </ci>
<ci> HTRPNCa </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K_minus_HTRPN </ci>
<ci> HTRPNCa </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="dLTRPNCa_dt_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> dLTRPNCa_dt </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K_plus_LTRPN </ci>
<ci> Cai </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> LTRPN_tot </ci>
<ci> LTRPNCa </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K_minus_LTRPN </ci>
<ci> LTRPNCa </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="intracellular_ion_concetrations_and_membrane_potential">
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Nai"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ki"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Cai"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ca_NSR"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ca_JSR"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ca_ss"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="V"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" name="i_stim" initial_value="-100.0"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="betai"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="betass"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="betaJSR"/>
<variable units="microlitre" name="V_myo" initial_value="25.84E-6"/>
<variable units="microlitre" name="V_ss" initial_value="1.2E-9"/>
<variable units="microlitre" name="V_JSR" initial_value="0.16E-6"/>
<variable units="microlitre" name="V_NSR" initial_value="2.1E-6"/>
<variable units="picoF" name="Acap" initial_value="153.4"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="Km_EGTA" initial_value="1.5E-4"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="EGTA_tot" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="CMDN_tot"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="CSQN_tot"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_Na"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_CaK"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_Kr"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_Ks"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_K1"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_NaCa"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_NaK"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_Kv1_4"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_Kv1_4Na"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_Kv1_4K"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_Kv4_3"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_pCa"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_Cab"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_Nab"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_millimole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="HTRPN_tot"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="LTRPN_tot"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Km_CMDN"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Km_CSQN"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="C_sc"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="J_tr"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="J_up"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="J_xfer"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="J_rel"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="J_trpn"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="membrane_voltage_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_Na </ci>
<ci> i_Ca </ci>
<ci> i_CaK </ci>
<ci> i_Kr </ci>
<ci> i_Ks </ci>
<ci> i_K1 </ci>
<ci> i_NaCa </ci>
<ci> i_NaK </ci>
<ci> i_Kv1_4 </ci>
<ci> i_Kv4_3 </ci>
<ci> i_pCa </ci>
<ci> i_Cab </ci>
<ci> i_Nab </ci>
<ci> i_stim </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="sodium_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Nai </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_Na </ci>
<ci> i_Nab </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> i_NaCa </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
<ci> i_NaK </ci>
</apply>
<ci> i_Kv1_4Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Acap </ci>
<ci> C_sc </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V_myo </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="potassium_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Ki </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_Kr </ci>
<ci> i_Ks </ci>
<ci> i_Kv4_3 </ci>
<ci> i_Kv1_4K </ci>
<ci> i_K1 </ci>
<ci> i_CaK </ci>
<ci> i_stim </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> i_NaK </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Acap </ci>
<ci> C_sc </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V_myo </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="calcium_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Cai </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> betai </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> J_xfer </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> J_up </ci>
<ci> J_trpn </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> i_Cab </ci>
<ci> i_pCa </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> i_NaCa </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Acap </ci>
<ci> C_sc </ci>
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<apply>
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<plus/>
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<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
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<apply>
<power/>
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<plus/>
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<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> CMDN_tot </ci>
<ci> Km_CMDN </ci>
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<apply>
<power/>
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<ci> Ca_ss </ci>
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<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> EGTA_tot </ci>
<ci> Km_EGTA </ci>
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<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Km_EGTA </ci>
<ci> Ca_ss </ci>
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<apply id="betaJSR_calculation">
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<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
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<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
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<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
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<ci> Ca_JSR </ci>
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<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
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<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -1.0 </cn>
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<apply id="Ca_ss_diff_eq">
<eq/>
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<ci> time </ci>
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<ci> Ca_ss </ci>
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<apply>
<times/>
<ci> betass </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> J_rel </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> V_JSR </ci>
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<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> J_xfer </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> V_myo </ci>
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<times/>
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<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Acap </ci>
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<apply>
<times/>
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<ci> V_ss </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
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<apply id="Ca_JSR_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
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<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Ca_JSR </ci>
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<apply>
<times/>
<ci> betaJSR </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> J_tr </ci>
<ci> J_rel </ci>
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</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="Ca_NSR_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Ca_NSR </ci>
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<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> J_up </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> V_myo </ci>
<ci> V_NSR </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> J_tr </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> V_JSR </ci>
<ci> V_NSR </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="model_parameters">
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ko" initial_value="4.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Nao" initial_value="138.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Cao" initial_value="2.0"/>
<variable units="joule_per_kelvin_mole" public_interface="out" name="R" initial_value="8.315"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="out" name="T" initial_value="310.0"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_millimole" public_interface="out" name="F" initial_value="96.5"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="HTRPN_tot" initial_value="140.0E-3"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="LTRPN_tot" initial_value="70.0E-3"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Km_CMDN" initial_value="2.38E-3"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Km_CSQN" initial_value="0.8"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="C_sc" initial_value="1.0"/>
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<connection>
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<connection>
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<connection>
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<connection>
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<map_variables variable_2="i_NaCa" variable_1="i_NaCa"/>
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<connection>
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<connection>
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<connection>
<map_components component_2="RyR_channel" component_1="intracellular_ion_concetrations_and_membrane_potential"/>
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<map_variables variable_2="Ca_ss" variable_1="Ca_ss"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_JSR" variable_1="Ca_JSR"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_2="SERCA2a_pump" component_1="intracellular_ion_concetrations_and_membrane_potential"/>
<map_variables variable_2="J_up" variable_1="J_up"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Cai" variable_1="Cai"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_NSR" variable_1="Ca_NSR"/>
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<map_variables variable_2="J_trpn" variable_1="J_trpn"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Cai" variable_1="Cai"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_NSR" variable_1="Ca_NSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_JSR" variable_1="Ca_JSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_ss" variable_1="Ca_ss"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_2="sodium_current" component_1="model_parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Nao" variable_1="Nao"/>
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<connection>
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<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ko" variable_1="Ko"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_2="transient_outward_potassium_current_slowly_recovering_component" component_1="model_parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ko" variable_1="Ko"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Nao" variable_1="Nao"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="time_independent_potassium_current" component_1="model_parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ko" variable_1="Ko"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
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<connection>
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<map_variables variable_2="Cao" variable_1="Cao"/>
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<connection>
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<connection>
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<map_variables variable_2="Km_CSQN" variable_1="Km_CSQN"/>
<map_variables variable_2="C_sc" variable_1="C_sc"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
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<connection>
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<connection>
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<map_variables variable_2="E_Na" variable_1="E_Na"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_2="calcium_background_current" component_1="L_type_calcium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_Ca" variable_1="E_Ca"/>
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<rdf:RDF>
<rdf:Bag rdf:about="rdf:#50d119d9-0023-49df-8229-63e950fa40a3">
<rdf:li>Ventricular Myocyte</rdf:li>
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<vCard:Given>Vivek</vCard:Given>
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<vCard:Given>Reza</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Mazhari</vCard:Family>
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<rdf:value>c.lloyd@auckland.ac.nz</rdf:value>
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This is the CellML description of Iyer et al.'s 2004 mathematical model of the human left ventricular epicardial myocyte.
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<vCard:Orgname>The University of Auckland</vCard:Orgname>
<vCard:Orgunit>The Bioengineering Institute</vCard:Orgunit>
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A Computational Model of the Human Left-Ventricular Epicardial Myocyte
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<bqs:volume>87</bqs:volume>
<bqs:first_page>1507</bqs:first_page>
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<dc:title>
Iyer et al.'s 2004 mathematical model of the human left ventricular epicardial myocyte.
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<cmeta:species>Homo sapiens</cmeta:species>
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<vCard:Given>Catherine</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Lloyd</vCard:Family>
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<dcterms:W3CDTF>2004-09-14</dcterms:W3CDTF>
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<dc:publisher>
The University of Auckland, The Bioengineering Institute
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