Location: Respiratory System @ 3361a4e63c56 / lung.cellml

Author:
Soroush <ssaf006@aucklanduni.ac.nz>
Date:
2018-04-18 18:52:20+12:00
Desc:
respiratory control
Permanent Source URI:
https://models.physiomeproject.org/workspace/3a4/rawfile/3361a4e63c562c8d1ad1a85f9f41ccde783d0978/lung.cellml

<?xml version='1.0'?>
<model name="lung_mechanics" xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.1#" xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.1#" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
    <import xlink:href="Units.cellml">
        <units name="m3" units_ref="m3"/>
        <units name="m3_per_s" units_ref="m3_per_s"/>
        <units name="m6_per_J" units_ref="m6_per_J"/>
        <units name="per_m" units_ref="per_m"/>
        <units name="J_per_m3" units_ref="J_per_m3"/>
        <units name="J_s_per_m6" units_ref="J_s_per_m6"/>
        <units name="J_s2_per_m6" units_ref="J_s2_per_m6"/>
        <units name="J_s2_per_m5" units_ref="J_s2_per_m5"/>
        <units name="J_per_s" units_ref="J_per_s"/>
        <units name="J_per_m6" units_ref="J_per_m6"/>
        <units name="J_s_per_m3" units_ref="J_s_per_m3"/>
    </import>
    <component name="environment">
        <variable name="time" public_interface="out" units="second"/>
    </component>
    <component name="gas">
        <variable name="t" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <variable name="C_pp_O2" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable name="C_pp_CO2" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable name="q_I_O2" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable name="q_D_O2" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable name="q_A_O2" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable name="q_pp_O2" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable name="q_I_CO2" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable name="q_D_CO2" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable name="q_A_CO2" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable name="q_pp_CO2" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable name="Inhale" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="Exhale" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="v_I_O2" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable name="v_D_O2" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable name="v_A_O2" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable name="v_pp_O2" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable name="v_I_CO2" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable name="v_D_CO2" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable name="v_A_CO2" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable name="v_pp_CO2" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>Inhale</ci>
                <piecewise>
                    <piece>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <gt/>
                            <ci>v_I_O2</ci>
                            <cn cellml:units="m3_per_s">0</cn>
                        </apply>
                    </piece>
                    <piece>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <leq/>
                            <ci>v_I_O2</ci>
                            <cn cellml:units="m3_per_s">0</cn>
                        </apply>
                    </piece>
                </piecewise>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>Exhale</ci>
                <piecewise>
                    <piece>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <gt/>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <ci>v_I_O2</ci>
                            </apply>
                            <cn cellml:units="m3_per_s">0</cn>
                        </apply>
                    </piece>
                    <piece>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <leq/>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <ci>v_I_O2</ci>
                            </apply>
                            <cn cellml:units="m3_per_s">0</cn>
                        </apply>
                    </piece>
                </piecewise>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>t</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>q_D_O2</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <plus/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>Inhale</ci>
                        <apply>
                            <minus/>
                            <ci>v_I_O2</ci>
                            <ci>v_D_O2</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>Exhale</ci>
                        <apply>
                            <minus/>
                            <ci>v_D_O2</ci>
                            <ci>v_A_O2</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>t</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>q_D_CO2</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <plus/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>Inhale</ci>
                        <apply>
                            <minus/>
                            <ci>v_I_CO2</ci>
                            <ci>v_D_CO2</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>Exhale</ci>
                        <apply>
                            <minus/>
                            <ci>v_D_CO2</ci>
                            <ci>v_A_CO2</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>t</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>q_A_O2</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <minus/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>Inhale</ci>
                        <apply>
                            <minus/>
                            <ci>v_D_O2</ci>
                            <ci>v_A_O2</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>K</ci>
                        <apply>
                            <plus/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>Q_pa</ci>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                    <ci>sh</ci>
                                </apply>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>C_pp_O2</ci>
                                    <ci>C_v_O2</ci>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>V_PP</ci>
                                <apply>
                                    <diff/>
                                    <bvar>
                                        <ci>t</ci>
                                    </bvar>
                                    <ci>C_pp_O2</ci>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>t</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>q_A_CO2</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <minus/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>Inhale</ci>
                        <apply>
                            <minus/>
                            <ci>v_D_CO2</ci>
                            <ci>v_A_CO2</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>K</ci>
                        <apply>
                            <plus/>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>Q_pa</ci>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                    <ci>sh</ci>
                                </apply>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>C_pp_CO2</ci>
                                    <ci>C_v_CO2</ci>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>V_PP</ci>
                                <apply>
                                    <diff/>
                                    <bvar>
                                        <ci>t</ci>
                                    </bvar>
                                    <ci>C_pp_CO2</ci>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
        <variable initial_value="0.210379" name="F_I_O2" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="86.11" name="F_I_CO2" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="1.2103" name="K" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="760" name="P_atm" public_interface="out" units="J_per_m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="47" name="P_ws" public_interface="out" units="J_per_m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="9" name="C_sat_O2" public_interface="out" units="mM"/>
        <variable initial_value="86.11" name="C_sat_CO2" public_interface="out" units="mM"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.3836" name="h_1" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="1.819" name="h_2" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.03198" name="alpha_1" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_J"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.05591" name="alpha_2" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_J"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.008275" name="beta_1" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_J"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.03255" name="beta_2" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_J"/>
        <variable initial_value="14.99" name="K_1" public_interface="out" units="J_per_m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="194.4" name="K_2" public_interface="out" units="J_per_m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="1.7" name="sh" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="15" name="Hgb" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="C_pp_O2" units="mM"/>
        <variable name="C_pp_CO2" units="mM"/>
        <variable name="C_a_O2" units="mM"/>
        <variable name="C_a_CO2" units="mM"/>
        <variable name="S_a_O2" units="mM"/>
        <variable name="X_pp_O2" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="X_pp_CO2" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable name="P_pp_O2" units="J_per_m3"/>
        <variable name="P_pp_CO2" units="J_per_m3"/>
        <variable name="P_A_O2" units="J_per_m3"/>
        <variable name="P_A_CO2" units="J_per_m3"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>C_pp_O2</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>C_sat_O2</ci>
                        <apply>
                            <power/>
                            <ci>X_pp_O2</ci>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                <ci>h_1</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <power/>
                            <ci>X_pp_O2</ci>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                <ci>h_1</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>C_pp_CO2</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>C_sat_CO2</ci>
                        <apply>
                            <power/>
                            <ci>X_pp_CO2</ci>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                <ci>h_2</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                            <power/>
                            <ci>X_pp_CO2</ci>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                <ci>h_2</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>X_pp_O2</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>P_pp_O2</ci>
                        <apply>
                            <plus/>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>beta_1</ci>
                                <ci>P_pp_CO2</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>K_1</ci>
                        <apply>
                            <plus/>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>alpha_1</ci>
                                <ci>P_pp_CO2</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>X_pp_CO2</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>P_pp_CO2</ci>
                        <apply>
                            <plus/>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>beta_2</ci>
                                <ci>P_pp_O2</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>K_2</ci>
                        <apply>
                            <plus/>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>alpha_2</ci>
                                <ci>P_pp_O2</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>P_pp_O2</ci>
                <ci>P_A_O2</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>P_pp_CO2</ci>
                <ci>P_A_CO2</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>P_A_O2</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <ci>F_A_O2</ci>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>P_atm</ci>
                        <ci>P_WS</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>P_A_CO2</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <ci>F_A_CO2</ci>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>P_atm</ci>
                        <ci>P_WS</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>C_a_O2</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <ci>Q_pp</ci>
                            <ci>C_pp_O2</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <ci>Q_ps</ci>
                            <ci>C_v_O2</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>Q_pp</ci>
                        <ci>Q_ps</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>C_a_CO2</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <ci>Q_pp</ci>
                            <ci>C_pp_CO2</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <ci>Q_ps</ci>
                            <ci>C_v_CO2</ci>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>Q_pp</ci>
                        <ci>Q_ps</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>S_a_O2</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                            <minus/>
                            <ci>C_a_O2</ci>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <ci>P_a_O2</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.003</cn>
                                </apply>
                                <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">100</cn>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <ci>Hgb</ci>
                            <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.34</cn>
                        </apply>
                    </apply>
                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">100</cn>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="tissue">
        <variable name="t" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <variable initial_value="284e-6" name="q_T_hp" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="6.63e-6" name="q_hp" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="1300e-6" name="q_T_bp" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="6.63e-6" name="q_bp" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="31200e-6" name="q_T_mp" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="6.63e-6" name="q_mp" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="262e-6" name="q_T_ep" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="6.63e-6" name="q_ep" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="2673e-6" name="q_T_sp" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="6.63e-6" name="q_sp" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0" name="v_hp_in" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0" name="v_bp_in" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0" name="v_mp_in" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0" name="v_ep_in" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0" name="v_sp_in" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0" name="q_hp_O2" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0" name="q_hp_CO2" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0" name="q_bp_O2" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0" name="q_bp_CO2" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0" name="q_mp_O2" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0" name="q_mp_CO2" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0" name="q_ep_O2" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0" name="q_ep_CO2" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0" name="q_sp_O2" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0" name="q_sp_CO2" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="34.4e-6" name="q_a_O2" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="34.4e-6" name="q_a_CO2" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.4e-6" name="M_hp_O2" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.336e-6" name="M_hp_CO2" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.7917e-6" name="M_bp_O2" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.665e-6" name="M_bp_CO2" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.86e-6" name="M_mp_O2" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.7224e-6" name="M_mp_CO2" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.2447e-6" name="M_ep_O2" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.2055e-6" name="M_ep_CO2" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable initial_value="1.807e-6" name="M_sp_O2" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable initial_value="1.5178e-6" name="M_sp_CO2" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>t</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>q_hp_O2</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <ci>v_hp_in</ci>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <ci>q_a_O2</ci>
                                <ci>q_hp_O2</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>M_hp_O2</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>q_T_hp</ci>
                        <ci>q_hp</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>t</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>q_hp_CO2</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <ci>v_hp_in</ci>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <ci>q_a_CO2</ci>
                                <ci>q_hp_CO2</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>M_hp_CO2</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>q_T_hp</ci>
                        <ci>q_hp</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>t</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>q_bp_O2</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <ci>v_bp_in</ci>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <ci>q_a_O2</ci>
                                <ci>q_bp_O2</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>M_bp_O2</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>q_T_bp</ci>
                        <ci>q_bp</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>t</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>q_bp_CO2</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <ci>v_bp_in</ci>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <ci>q_a_CO2</ci>
                                <ci>q_bp_CO2</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>M_bp_CO2</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>q_T_bp</ci>
                        <ci>q_bp</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>t</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>q_mp_O2</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <ci>v_mp_in</ci>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <ci>q_a_O2</ci>
                                <ci>q_mp_O2</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>M_mp_O2</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>q_T_mp</ci>
                        <ci>q_mp</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>t</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>q_mp_CO2</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <ci>v_mp_in</ci>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <ci>q_a_CO2</ci>
                                <ci>q_mp_CO2</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>M_mp_CO2</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>q_T_mp</ci>
                        <ci>q_mp</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>t</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>q_ep_O2</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <ci>v_ep_in</ci>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <ci>q_a_O2</ci>
                                <ci>q_ep_O2</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>M_ep_O2</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>q_T_ep</ci>
                        <ci>q_ep</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>t</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>q_ep_CO2</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <ci>v_ep_in</ci>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <ci>q_a_CO2</ci>
                                <ci>q_ep_CO2</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>M_ep_CO2</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>q_T_ep</ci>
                        <ci>q_ep</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>t</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>q_sp_O2</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <ci>v_sp_in</ci>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <ci>q_a_O2</ci>
                                <ci>q_sp_O2</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>M_sp_O2</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>q_T_sp</ci>
                        <ci>q_sp</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>t</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>q_sp_CO2</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <ci>v_sp_in</ci>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <ci>q_a_CO2</ci>
                                <ci>q_sp_CO2</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>M_sp_CO2</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>q_T_sp</ci>
                        <ci>q_sp</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <component name="lung">
        <variable name="t" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
        <variable name="time" public_interface="out" units="second"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0" name="u_ao" public_interface="out" units="J_per_m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0" name="u_l" public_interface="out" units="J_per_m3"/>
        <variable name="u_tr" public_interface="out" units="J_per_m3"/>
        <variable name="u_b" public_interface="out" units="J_per_m3"/>
        <variable name="u_bA" public_interface="out" units="J_per_m3"/>
        <variable name="u_pl" public_interface="out" units="J_per_m3"/>
        <variable name="u_mus" public_interface="out" units="J_per_m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0" name="u_trpl" public_interface="out" units="J_per_m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0" name="u_bpl" public_interface="out" units="J_per_m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0" name="u_A" public_interface="out" units="J_per_m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0" name="u_cw" public_interface="out" units="J_per_m3"/>
        <variable name="v_lt" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable name="v_tb" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable name="v_A" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable name="v_tr" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable name="v_b" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable name="v_cw" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable name="v_l" public_interface="out" units="m3_per_s"/>
        <variable initial_value="34.4e-6" name="q_l" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="6.63e-6" name="q_tr" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="18.7e-6" name="q_b" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="1.263e-6" name="q_A" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0" name="q_cw" public_interface="out" units="m3"/>
        <variable initial_value="100125.9" name="R_ml" public_interface="out" units="J_s_per_m6"/>
        <variable initial_value="33038.604" name="R_lt" public_interface="out" units="J_s_per_m6"/>
        <variable initial_value="30037.769" name="R_tb" public_interface="out" units="J_s_per_m6"/>
        <variable initial_value="8012.033" name="R_bA" public_interface="out" units="J_s_per_m6"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.00000001295" name="C_l" public_interface="out" units="m6_per_J"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.000000024269246" name="C_tr" public_interface="out" units="m6_per_J"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.000000133582824" name="C_b" public_interface="out" units="m6_per_J"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.0000020239432426" name="C_A" public_interface="out" units="m6_per_J"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.000002493206141" name="C_cw" public_interface="out" units="m6_per_J"/>
        <variable initial_value="0.6" name="IE_ratio" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="12" name="RR" units="dimensionless"/>
        <variable initial_value="-490.333" name="u_mus_min" units="J_per_m3"/>
        <variable name="tau" units="second"/>
        <variable name="T" units="second"/>
        <variable name="T_E" units="second"/>
        <variable name="T_l" units="second"/>
        <!-- -->
        <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>time</ci>
                <apply>
                    <minus/>
                    <ci>t</ci>
                    <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                            <floor/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <ci>t</ci>
                                <ci>T</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>T</ci>
                    </apply>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>T</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <cn cellml:units="second">60</cn>
                    <ci>RR</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>T_l</ci>
                <apply>
                    <times/>
                    <ci>T_E</ci>
                    <ci>IE_ratio</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>T</ci>
                <apply>
                    <plus/>
                    <ci>T_E</ci>
                    <ci>T_l</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>tau</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <ci>T_E</ci>
                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">5</cn>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>u_mus</ci>
                <piecewise>
                    <piece>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <apply>
                                <plus/>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <minus/>
                                        <ci>u_mus_min</ci>
                                    </apply>
                                    <ci>time</ci>
                                    <ci>time</ci>
                                </apply>
                                <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <ci>u_mus_min</ci>
                                    <ci>T</ci>
                                    <ci>time</ci>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <times/>
                                <ci>T_l</ci>
                                <ci>T_E</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <and/>
                            <apply>
                                <geq/>
                                <ci>time</ci>
                                <cn cellml:units="second">0</cn>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <leq/>
                                <ci>time</ci>
                                <ci>T_l</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </piece>
                    <piece>
                        <apply>
                            <times/>
                            <apply>
                                <divide/>
                                <ci>u_mus_min</ci>
                                <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                    <apply>
                                        <exp/>
                                        <apply>
                                            <divide/>
                                            <apply>
                                                <minus/>
                                                <ci>T_E</ci>
                                            </apply>
                                            <ci>tau</ci>
                                        </apply>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <apply>
                                    <exp/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <divide/>
                                        <apply>
                                            <minus/>
                                            <apply>
                                                <minus/>
                                                <ci>time</ci>
                                                <ci>T_l</ci>
                                            </apply>
                                        </apply>
                                        <ci>tau</ci>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                                <apply>
                                    <exp/>
                                    <apply>
                                        <divide/>
                                        <apply>
                                            <minus/>
                                            <ci>T_E</ci>
                                        </apply>
                                        <ci>tau</ci>
                                    </apply>
                                </apply>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                            <and/>
                            <apply>
                                <gt/>
                                <ci>time</ci>
                                <ci>T_l</ci>
                            </apply>
                            <apply>
                                <leq/>
                                <ci>time</ci>
                                <ci>T</ci>
                            </apply>
                        </apply>
                    </piece>
                </piecewise>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>v_cw</ci>
                <apply>
                    <plus/>
                    <ci>v_tr</ci>
                    <ci>v_b</ci>
                    <ci>v_A</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>v_b</ci>
                <apply>
                    <minus/>
                    <ci>v_tb</ci>
                    <ci>v_A</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>v_tr</ci>
                <apply>
                    <minus/>
                    <ci>v_lt</ci>
                    <ci>v_tb</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <!-- -->
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>t</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>u_cw</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <ci>v_cw</ci>
                    <ci>C_cw</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>u_cw</ci>
                <apply>
                    <minus/>
                    <ci>u_pl</ci>
                    <ci>u_mus</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>t</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>q_cw</ci>
                </apply>
                <ci>v_cw</ci>
            </apply>
            <!-- -->
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>t</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>u_A</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <ci>v_A</ci>
                    <ci>C_A</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>v_A</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <ci>u_bA</ci>
                    <ci>R_bA</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>u_bA</ci>
                <apply>
                    <minus/>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>u_b</ci>
                        <ci>u_A</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <ci>u_pl</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>t</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>q_A</ci>
                </apply>
                <ci>v_A</ci>
            </apply>
            <!-- -->
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>t</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>u_bpl</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <ci>v_b</ci>
                    <ci>C_b</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>u_b</ci>
                <apply>
                    <plus/>
                    <ci>u_bpl</ci>
                    <ci>u_pl</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>t</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>q_b</ci>
                </apply>
                <ci>v_b</ci>
            </apply>
            <!-- -->
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>t</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>u_trpl</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <ci>v_tr</ci>
                    <ci>C_tr</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>u_tr</ci>
                <apply>
                    <plus/>
                    <ci>u_trpl</ci>
                    <ci>u_pl</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>t</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>q_tr</ci>
                </apply>
                <ci>v_tr</ci>
            </apply>
            <!-- -->
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>t</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>u_l</ci>
                </apply>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                            <divide/>
                            <apply>
                                <minus/>
                                <ci>u_ao</ci>
                                <ci>u_l</ci>
                            </apply>
                            <ci>R_ml</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>v_lt</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <ci>C_l</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>v_l</ci>
                <apply>
                    <minus/>
                    <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                            <minus/>
                            <ci>u_l</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>R_ml</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <ci>v_lt</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <apply>
                    <diff/>
                    <bvar>
                        <ci>t</ci>
                    </bvar>
                    <ci>q_l</ci>
                </apply>
                <ci>v_l</ci>
            </apply>
            <!-- -->
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>v_lt</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>u_l</ci>
                        <ci>u_tr</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <ci>R_lt</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
            <!-- -->
            <apply>
                <eq/>
                <ci>v_tb</ci>
                <apply>
                    <divide/>
                    <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>u_tr</ci>
                        <ci>u_b</ci>
                    </apply>
                    <ci>R_tb</ci>
                </apply>
            </apply>
        </math>
    </component>
    <connection>
        <map_components component_1="environment" component_2="lung"/>
        <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="t"/>
    </connection>
    <connection>
        <map_components component_1="environment" component_2="tissue"/>
        <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="t"/>
    </connection>
    <connection>
        <map_components component_1="environment" component_2="gas"/>
        <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="t"/>
    </connection>
</model>